| Project/Area Number |
14560133
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
林産学
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMAMOTO Hiroyuki Nagoya University, Graduate School of BM-agricultural Sciences, Professor (50210555)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
YOSHIDA Masato Nagoya University, Graduate School of Bio-agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor (30242845)
FUKUSHIMA Kazuhiko Nagoya University, Graduate School of Bio-agricultural Sciences, Professor (80222256)
奥山 剛 名古屋大学, 大学院・生命農学研究科, 教授 (00023482)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2005
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥200,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
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| Keywords | Reaction wood / Tension wood / gelatinous fiber / plant biomechanics / growth stress / cellulose microfibril / forest biomass / wood cell wall / 広葉樹 / 二次木部細胞壁 / ヘミセルロース / バイオメカニックス / マイクロメカニックス / セルロース / リグニン / 複合材料 / マイクロメマカニックス |
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| Research Abstract |
In the present study, the mechanism responsible for unusual behaviors and biomechanical functions of tension wood fiber was investigated in relation to the formation of the gelatinous layer (G-layer) .
First, the deformation process of an isolated TW fiber caused by a certain biomechanical state change was formulated mathematically. And, the tension wood (TW) properties from a 70-year-old-specimen of Acer sieboldianum Miq. were analyzed by using the G-fiber model. The roles of the G-layer on the origins of (1) a high tensile growth stress, (2) a large longitudinal Young's modulus, and (3) a high longitudinal drying shrinkage in the TW xylem were discussed on the basis of the simulations using the G-fiber model.
Next, the mechanism responsible for unusual hygro-mechanical properties of tension wood containing the gelatinous layer (G-layer) was investigated for the oblique upright branch of a 29-year-old Keyaki (Zelkova serrata) and the leaning stems of a 75 and a 40-year-old Kunugi oak (Quercus acutissima) trees. The result suggests that in the green state, the polysaccharide matrix in the G-layer behaves as a water-swollen gel ; however, it is transformed into a condensed and hard-packed structure by strong surface tension during moisture desorption, which is a form of xero-gelation. However, in the L-layer, condensation and subsequent xero-gelation of the polysaccharide matrix was prevented by the hydrophobic lignin that mechanically reinforces the matrix.
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