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嗅覚神経系の髄鞘形成グリア細胞がもつ神経再生促進機能の分子生物学的研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number 14658252
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Neurochemistry/Neuropharmacology
Research InstitutionGifu Pharmaceutical University

Principal Investigator

古川 昭栄  岐阜薬科大学, 薬学部, 教授 (90159129)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 野元 裕  岐阜薬科大学, 薬学部, 助教授 (80164747)
福光 秀文  岐阜薬科大学, 薬学部, 助手 (00308280)
新田 淳美  名古屋大学, 医学部, 助教授 (20275093)
Project Period (FY) 2002 – 2004
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
Keywords髄鞘形成グリア細胞 / 嗅神経 / 軸索再生 / 中枢神経 / DNAマイクロアレイ解析 / マトリックスメタロプロテイナーゼ / プロテオーム解析
Research Abstract

末梢神経に比べ中枢神経の軸索再生は困難である。しかし嗅覚ニューロンは日常的に死滅と新生を繰り返し、新生ニューロンからは新しい軸索が嗅脳に伸びてシナプスを形成する。この特殊な軸索再生能は髄鞘を形成するユニークなグリア細胞(olfactory ensheathing glia : OEG)が担っており、損傷後の脊髄に移植すると著明な軸索再生促進効果を示すことから医学的応用が強く期待されている。本研究はOEGのどのような性質(分子あるいは機能)がこの能力と関わっているのかを解明することにある。これまでにDNAマイクロアレイ解析でOEGに特異的な分子を見つけようとしたが純粋なOEGを十分量確保することは困難であった。そこで嗅脳組織のなかのOEGの分布密度の高い部位(Or)と低い部位(ニューロンの多い部位、Nr)を分離して採取し、両者の間でDNAマイクロアレイ解析を行った。その結果、マトリックスメタロプロテイナーゼ14(MMP14)とMMPの組織内阻害物質3(Timp3)の発現がOrで高くNrで低いことを見出した。培養OEGでもこれらの遺伝子は高い発現レベルで発現していた。そこで他のMMPも含めて純粋なOEGでの発現を調べたところMMP10がOEGにほぼ特異的に発現していることが判明した。MMPは28種類ものファミリー分子からなる細胞外エンドペプチダーゼ群であり、細胞移動や軸索伸長およびシナプス可塑性にも関与すると考えられている。そこで我々は、MMPとその阻害物質であるTimpの発現制御によってOEGの軸索ガイド能が調節されているのではないかという考えに到達した。
今後はMMPやTimp発現遺伝子やその発現阻害遺伝子をOEGのほかシュワン細胞やアストロサイトなどに導入し軸索ガイド能力への効果を調べることによりこの仮説を証明するべく努力する所存である。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (19 results)

All 2005 2004 2003 Other

All Journal Article (6 results) Book (1 results) Publications (12 results)

  • [Journal Article] Involvement of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in activation processes of rodent macrophages.2005

    • Author(s)
      Hashimoto et al.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience Research 79

      Pages: 476-487

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Inflammation-induced GDNF improves locomotor function after spinal cord injury.2005

    • Author(s)
      Hashimoto et al.
    • Journal Title

      Neuroreport 16

      Pages: 99-102

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Axonal regrowth downregulates the synthesis of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the lesioned rat sciatic nerve.2004

    • Author(s)
      Yamada et al.
    • Journal Title

      Neuroscience Letters 364

      Pages: 11-15

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] cAMP/protein Kinase A signal attentuates Ca^<2+>-induced fibroblast growth factor-1 synthesis in rat cortical neurons.2004

    • Author(s)
      Kinukawa et al.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience Research 77

      Pages: 487-497

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Hydrophobic dipeptide, Leu-Ile, protects against neuronal death by inducing BDNF and GDNF synthesis.2004

    • Author(s)
      Nitta et al.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience Research 78

      Pages: 250-258

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Neurotrophins facilitate neuronal differentiation of cultured neural stem cells via induction of mRNA expression of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Mash1 and Math1.2003

    • Author(s)
      Ito et al.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience Research 71

      Pages: 648-658

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 細胞の増殖と成長因子.増殖因子の取扱い(5) 神経細胞に対する神経成長因子(NGF)の作用.(井出利憲編集)2004

    • Author(s)
      中島光業, 古川昭栄
    • Publisher
      廣川書店
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "Neurotrophins facilitate production of choline acetyltransferase and hydroxylase in cultured mouse neural stem cells independently on their differentiation."Neuroscience Letters. 339. 231-234 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "The growth arrest of PC12 cells by nerve growth factor is dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway via p75 neurotrophin receptor"Journal of Neuroscience Research. 72. 211-217 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "Neurotrophins facilitate neuronal differentiation of cultured neural stem cells via induction of mRNA expression of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Mash1 and Math1"Journal of Neuroscience Research. 71. 648-658 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "Role of low-affinity p75 receptor in nerve growth factor-inducible growth arrest of PC12 cells."Journal of Neuroscience Research. 69. 653-661 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sometani et al.: "4-Methylcatechol stimulates phosphorylation of Trk family neurotrophin and MAP kinases in cultured rat cortical neurons."Journal of Neuroscience Research. 198. 63-69 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Murakami et al.: "Accumulation of nerve growth factor protein at both rostral and caudal stumps in the transected rat spinal cord"Journal of Neurological Sci.ence. 198. 63-69 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "Neurotrophins facilitate production of choline acetyltransferase and hydroxylase in cultured mouse neural stem cells independently on their differentiation"Neuroscience Letters. 339. 231-234 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "The growth arrest of PC12 cells by nerve growth factor is dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway via p75 neurotrophin receptor"Journal of Neuroscience Research. (In press). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "Neurotrophins facilitate neuronal differentiation of cultured neural stem cells via induction of mRNA expression of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Mash1 and Math1"Journal of Neuroscience Research. 71. 648-658 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito et al.: "Role of low-affinity p75 receptor in nerve growth factor-inducible growth arrest of PC12 cells"Journal of Neuroscience Research. 69. 653-661 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sometani et al.: "4-Methylcatechol stimulates phosphorylation of Trk family neurotrophin and MAP kinases in cultured rat cortical neurons"Journal of Neuroscience Research. 198. 63-69 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Murakami et al.: "Accumulation of nerve growth factor protein at both rostral and caudal stumps in the transected rat spinal cord"Journal of Neurological Sci.ence. 198. 63-69 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2002-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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