西アフリカの食料増産と劣化環境修復のための集水域生態工学

• Project/Area Number: 15101002
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Environmental technology/Environmental materials
• Research Institution: Kinki University (2004-2007); Shimane University (2003)
• Principal Investigator: 若月 利之 Kinki University, 農学部, 教授 (50127156)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 奥村 博司 (奧村 博司) 近畿大学, 農学部, 准教授 (70152436) ; 松本 真悟 島根大学, 生物資源科学部, 助教授 (00346371) ; 武田 育郎 島根大学, 生物資源科学部, 教授 (60227022) ; 増永 二之 島根大学, 生物資源科学部, 講師 (10325045)
• Project Period (FY): 2003 – 2007
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
• Budget Amount: ¥113,490,000 (Direct Cost: ¥87,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥26,190,000); Fiscal Year 2007: ¥20,410,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,710,000); Fiscal Year 2006: ¥20,410,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,710,000); Fiscal Year 2005: ¥21,060,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,860,000); Fiscal Year 2004: ¥22,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥17,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,100,000); Fiscal Year 2003: ¥29,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥22,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,810,000)
• Keywords: アフリカの緑の革命 / エコテクノロジー / 水田仮説 / アクションリサーチ / アフリカ型里山 / 土壌生成速度 / 内発的水田開発 / 内陸小低地 / ミレニアムビレッジ / アフリカ型緑の革命 / 持続的水田開発 / ネリカ / ガーナ:ナイジェリア / 集水域生態工学 / 研究と普及の間の死の谷 / 第一回アフリカ稲作会議 / ガーナ森林移行帯 / ナイジェリアサバンナ帯 / 水田の自力開発 / 水田生態工学 / アジアアフリカ集水域 / 集水域方程式 / 水田開発面積の上限値 / ガーナ森林移存帯 / 水田生熊工学 / ハバードブルック集水域 / 有機物腐植化 / 腐植蓄積 / ガーナ / ナイジェリア / 水田の多面的機能 / サバンナ帯 / 劣化集水域 / 生態工学 / 有機物腐植化技術

Research Abstract

アフリカの緑の革命は、アジアのようなバイオテクノロジーによるのではなく、生態環境の改良を行うエコテクノロジー(アフリカの生態環境と社会経済に適合する生態工学技術)によってこそ実現するというコンセプトで研究を実施してきた。西アフリカの劣化環境を修復しながら持続可能な集約的食料増産を実現するため、元日本博士留学生達と、ナイジェリアのギニアサバンナ帯とガーナの森林移行帯(人為サバンナ)地域の100-50,000ha規模の複数のアフリカ型里山集水域(内陸小低地集水域)をベンチマークサイトとし、「農民の自助努力によるアフリカ適応型の低地水田の開発技術と水田稲作技術」を、100人規模の現地農民と連携しながら、アクションリサーチ方式で研究開発してきた。
アジアの生態環境と比較すると、アフリカ型里山集水域の低地土壌生成速度や養分供給速度は、アジアの5から10分の1程度であり、数億haと推定されるアフリカ低地の全てが水田適地ではなく、低地の10%(約2000万ha)、低地の中の低地、水田適地の判定が重要になる。水循環量の少なさから来る限界である。本研究による開発方式は、農民の自力を基本とする試行錯誤による小規模開発(アフリカ型里山創造)であり、生態と社会に適合した開発に調整可能であり、新たな環境問題を生じない利点がある。
今後の課題は、我々のアクションリサーチの成果を如何にサブサハラアフリカ全体に普及するかであり、アフリカ的な土地制度を考慮に入れて、より内発的な発展が可能な水田開発域に高める必要がある。この成果は、現在国連が強力に多額の資金を使って実施中の、又、JICA等も支援しているMillennium villages programの成果をかなり先取りし、かつ、農民の自力に重点がある点でより持続性の高い成果であると考えられる。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Sustainable intensification and diversification strategies for African rice-based cropping systems (2007)
  • Author(s): T.Wakatsuki
  • Journal Title: Africa Rice Congress, 31 July- 4 August 2006. Dar es Salaam Pages: 83-83
• [Journal Article] Soci-economic factors influencing the adoption of sawah rice production technology in Nigeria. (2007)
  • Author(s): Fashola.O.O., T.Wakatsuki et la
  • Journal Title: J. Food, agriculture ＆ Environment 5・1 Pages: 239-247
• [Journal Article] Land-use effects on soil macro- and micronutrient status in Tropical lowland zone of Bolivia (2007)
  • Author(s): S.Abe, T.Wakatsuki et la
  • Journal Title: Japanese J. Grassland Science 53 Pages: 1-6
  • NAID: 10020174320
• [Journal Article] Effect of long-term intensive rice cultivation on the available silica content of sawah soils : Java Island, Indonesia (2006)
  • Author(s): Darmawan, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 52・6 Pages: 745-753
  • NAID: 110006251084
• [Journal Article] The effect of green revolution technology during the period of 1970 - 2003 on sawah soils properties in Java, Indonesia : Carbon and Nitrogen (2006)
  • Author(s): Darmawan, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 52・5 Pages: 634-644
• [Journal Article] The effect of green revolution technology during the period of 1970 -2003 on sawah soils properties in Java, Indonesia : Changes of some chemical properties. (2006)
  • Author(s): Darmawan, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 52・5 Pages: 645-653
• [Journal Article] A comprehensive assessment on clay mineralogical composition of lowland soils of West Africa (2006)
  • Author(s): Abe, S, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 52・3 Pages: 479-488
  • NAID: 110006251054
• [Journal Article] Effect of heating treatments on nitrogen mineralization from sewage sludge (2006)
  • Author(s): K.Matsuoka, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 52・4 Pages: 519-527
  • NAID: 110006251058
• [Journal Article] Effect of the application of heated sewage sludge on soil nutrient supply to plants (2006)
  • Author(s): N.Moristuka, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 52・4 Pages: 528-539
  • NAID: 110006251059
• [Journal Article] Selected lowland soils in Ghana : Nutrient levels and distribution as influenced by agro-ecology (2006)
  • Author(s): M.M.Buria, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of Soil Sci. Soc. Ghana 17/18 Pages: 37-46
• [Journal Article] Soil Profile Alteration in a Brown Forest Soil under High-Input Tea Cultivation (2006)
  • Author(s): S.Abe, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Plant Production Science 9・4 Pages: 457-461
  • NAID: 110004810388
• [Journal Article] Distribution Characteristics of Mineral Elements in Tree Species from Two Contrasting Secondary Forest in Ghana (2006)
  • Author(s): E.Owusu-Sekyere, T.Wkatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: West African J. Applied Ecology (htt : //www.wajag.org/) 10 Pages: 1-12
• [Journal Article] ガーナの持続的自立的な水田開発に向けて-サワ(水田)実証研究プロジエクトに対する農民の反応 (2006)
  • Author(s): 中島邦公, 若月利之, モロM. プリ
  • Journal Title: アフリカ研究 69 Pages: 59-73
  • NAID: 130000730506
• [Journal Article] A comprehensive assessment on clay mineralogical composition of lowland soils of West Africa (2006)
  • Author(s): Abe.S., T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition (Accepted)
  • NAID: 110006251054
• [Journal Article] The effect of green revolution technology during the period of 1970 -2003 on sawah soils properties in Java, Indonesia : Carbon and Nitrogen (2006)
  • Author(s): Darmawan, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition (Accepted)
• [Journal Article] The effect of green revolution technology during the period of 1970 -2003 on sawah soils properties in Java, Indonesia : Changes of some chemical properties. (2006)
  • Author(s): Darmawan, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition (Accepted)
• [Journal Article] Dissemination of Sawah rice technology to farmers cultivating Inland valleys in Nigeria (2006)
  • Author(s): Fashola O.O., T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of Australia Pacific Extension Network, 3-6 March, 2006, Victoria, Australia Pages: 1-13
• [Journal Article] Rice production in lowland soils amended with humified sludge and manures (2005)
  • Author(s): Ofori, J., Masunaga, T., T.Wakatsuki
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of Management of Tropical Sandy Soils for Sustainable Agricultures, 27 Nov.-2 Dec.2006, Thailand Pages: 1-11
• [Journal Article] Ecological Engineering for Sustainable Food Production and the Restoration of Degraded Watersheds in Tropics of Low pH soils : Focus on West Africa (2005)
  • Author(s): T.Wakatsuki, T.Masunaga
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 51(5) Pages: 629-636
  • NAID: 110004704788
• [Journal Article] Extent and management of low pH soils in Ghana (2005)
  • Author(s): Buri M.M., Issaka, R., T.Wakatsuki
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 51(5) Pages: 755-759
  • NAID: 110004704816
• [Journal Article] Comparative Studies on Rice Farming Systems in Japan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Thailand and West African Countries (2005)
  • Author(s): Toshiyuki Wakatsuki
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of SUMAPOL, Sustainable Management and Policy Options for Rice Ecosystems, Hangzhou, China Pages: 1-19
• [Journal Article] Performance of Rice Cultivars in Various Sawah Ecosystems Developed in Inland Valleys, Ashanti Region, Ghana (2005)
  • Author(s): J.Ofori, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 51(4) Pages: 469-476
  • NAID: 110004704764
• [Journal Article] Organic Amendment and Soil Type Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation, Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice (2005)
  • Author(s): J.Ofori, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: J.Plant Nutrition 28(8) Pages: 1311-1322
• [Journal Article] Rice-fish culture : an option for smallholder Sawah rice farmers of the West African lowlands (2005)
  • Author(s): J.Ofori, Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Ecological Engineering 24(2005) Pages: 235-241
• [Journal Article] Rice growth and yield in waste amendment West African soils (2005)
  • Author(s): Joseph Ofori, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: J.Plant Nutrition 28(7) Pages: 1201-1214
• [Journal Article] Soil Organic Amendments and Mineral Fertilizers : Options for Sustainable Lowland Rice Production in the Forest Agro-ecology of Ghana (2005)
  • Author(s): Buri M.M., Wakatsuki T et al.
  • Journal Title: Agricultural and Food Science Journal of Ghana 3(2004) Pages: 237-248
• [Journal Article] Characterization of treatment process and mechanisms of COD, phosphorus and Nitrogen removal in the Multi-Soil-Layering systems (2005)
  • Author(s): Kuniaki Sato, Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri. 51(2) Pages: 213-221
  • NAID: 110004704737
• [Journal Article] サブサハラのアフリカに緑の革命のきざし (2005)
  • Author(s): 若月 利之
  • Journal Title: 農林統計調査(農林統計協会) 4月号(印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Comparative Studies on Rice Farming Systems in Japan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Thailand and West African Countries (2005)
  • Author(s): Toshiyuki Wakatsuki
  • Journal Title: First Asian-Europe Workshop on Sustainable Resource Management and Policy Options for Rice Ecosystems (印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Rice Growth and Yield in Waste-amended West African Lowland Soils. (2005)
  • Author(s): J.Offori, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri (印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Organic Amendment and Soil Type Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation, Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice (2005)
  • Author(s): J.Offori, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri (印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Rice-fish culture : an option for smallholder Sawah rice farmers of the West African lowlands (2005)
  • Author(s): J.Ofori, Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Ecological Engineering (印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Performance of Rice Cultivars in Various Sawahs Developed in Inland Valleys, Ashanti Region, Ghana (2005)
  • Author(s): Joseph Ofori, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri (印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Ecological Engineering for Sustainable Food Production and the Restoration of Degraded Watersheds in Tropics of Low pH Soils : Focus on West Africa (2005)
  • Author(s): Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri (印刷中)
  • NAID: 110004704788
• [Journal Article] Soil Organic Amendments and Mineral Fertilizers : Options for Sustainable Lowland Rice Production in the Forest Agro-ecology of Ghana (2005)
  • Author(s): Buri M.M., Wakatsuki T et al.
  • Journal Title: Agricultural and Food Science Journal of Ghana (印刷中)
• [Journal Article] Extent and Management of Low pH Soils in Ghana (2005)
  • Author(s): M.M.Buri, Wakatsuki Toshiyuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri (印刷中)
  • NAID: 110004704816
• [Journal Article] Characterization of treatment process and mechanisms of COD, phosphorus and Nitrogen removal in the Multi-Soil-Layering systems (2005)
  • Author(s): Kuniaki Sato, Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri (印刷中)
  • NAID: 110004704737
• [Journal Article] Water Movement Characteristics in a Multi-Soil-Layering System (2005)
  • Author(s): Kuniaki Sato, Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri 51(1) Pages: 75-82
  • NAID: 110004704722
• [Journal Article] Land Use Dynamics and Nutrient Characteristics of Soils and Plants along Topo-Sequences in Inland Valley Watersheds of Ashanti Region, Ghana (2004)
  • Author(s): E.Annan-Afful, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri 50(5) Pages: 633-647
  • NAID: 110001720330
• [Journal Article] Nutrient and Bulk Density Characteristics of Soil Profiles to Six Land Use Systems along Topo-Sequences in Inland Valley Watersheds of Ashanti Region, Ghana (2004)
  • Author(s): E.Annan-Afful, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri 50(5) Pages: 649-664
  • NAID: 110001720331
• [Journal Article] Distribution and Changes in Heavy Metal Contents of Paddy Soils in Different Physiographic Units of Bangladesh (2003)
  • Author(s): Md.Mohsin Ali, Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri 49(4) Pages: 527-538
  • NAID: 10012148656
• [Journal Article] Nutrient Dynamics in Disturbed Primary forest in Dwinyama Watershed, Ashanti Region, Ghana (2003)
  • Author(s): E.Owusu-Sekyere, T.Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Ghana Journal of Forestry 11 Pages: 1-9
• [Journal Article] A Comparative Study of Permeable Layer Materials and Aeration Regime on Efficiency of Multi-Soil-Layering Systems for Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Thailand (2003)
  • Author(s): Pinpetch Boonsook, Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Journal Title: Soil Sci.Plant Nutri 49(6) Pages: 873-882
  • NAID: 110001717822
• [Book] Center Commissioned External Review on Integrated Genetic and Natural Resources Management (2006)
  • Author(s): Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Publisher: Africa Rice Center (WARDA)
• [Book] Ecological Engineering for Sustainable Rice Production and the Restoration of Degraded Watersheds in West Africa (2005)
  • Author(s): Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Publisher: World Rice Research Conference
• [Book] Ecological Engineering for Sustainable Rice Production and the Restoration of Degraded Watersheds in West Africa (2005)
  • Author(s): Toshiyuki Wakalsuki et al.
  • Publisher: World Rice Research Conference(印刷中)
• [Book] SAWAH SYSTEM WATER MANAGEMENT (2004)
  • Author(s): Fashola.O.O., Toshiyuki Wakatsuki et al.
  • Publisher: The Nigeria Rice MEMORABILIA
• [Book] Participatory Strategy for Soil and Water Conservation (2004)
  • Author(s): ERECON
  • Publisher: Institute of Environment Rehabilitation and Conservation
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.kinki-ecotech.jp
• [Publications] E.Annan-Afful, T.Masunaga, T.Wakatsuki: "Soil Properties along the toposequence of an Inland Valley Watersh- ed under different land use in the Ashanti region of Ghana"J.Plant Nutri.. (印刷中).
• [Publications] E.Annan-Afful, T.Masunaga, T.Wakatsuki: "Nutrient distribution in the profile of Valley Bottom soils cultivated to rice in Ghana"J.Plant Nutri.. (印刷中).
• [Publications] E.Annan-Afful, T.Wakatsuki et al.: "Land use dynamics and nutritional characteristics of soil and plant along toposequences in Inland Valley Watersheds of Ashanti region, Ghana"Soil Sci.Plant Nutri.. (印刷中).
• [Publications] E.Annan-Afful, T.Wakatsuki et al.: "Nutrients and bulk density characteristcis of soil profiles in six land uses along top-sequences in Inland Valley Watersheds of Ashanti region, Ghana"Soil Sci.Plant Nutri.. (印刷中).
• [Publications] 若月利之: "サブサハラ・アフリカの農業・農村開発と日本の役割"砂漠研究. 13巻2号. 83-100 (2003)
• [Publications] 若月利之, 謝順景: "アフリカの稲作開発協力史、その1、台湾"国際農林業協力. 26巻3号. 17-29 (2003)
• [Publications] 若月利之, 江本里子: "西アフリカの米需給とネリカ米"農業と経済. 59巻7号. 53-62 (2003)
• [Publications] 岩月利之: "西アフリカにおける稲作の動向と技術協力の方向『アフリカ農村開発手法の作成、実施編、西アフリカにおける稲作農業への協力についての研究』第4章"国際協力事業団/国際開発センター. 26 (2003)