Estimation of gravity anomaly in the lunar far-side from VLBI and 4-Way Doppler data

• Project/Area Number: 15340151
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Solid earth and planetary physics
• Research Institution: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
• Principal Investigator: KAWANO Nobuyuki NAOJ, Department Radio Astronomy, Professor, 電波研究部, 教授 (10186116)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): HNADA Hideo NAOJ, Department of Radio Astronomy, Associate Prof., 電波研究部, 助教授 (60132677) ; 加藤 隆二 宇宙航空研究開発機構, 宇宙情報・エネルギー工学研究部門, 助教授 (10249930) ; KONO Yusuke NAOJ, Department Radio Astronomy, Researcher, 電波研究部, 上級研究員 (00370106) ; NAMIKI Noriyuki Kyushu Univ., Graduate School of Science, Assistant, 大学院・理学研究院, 助手 (50274428) ; KOYAMA Yasuhiro NICT, Department of Radio measurement, group leader, 電磁波計測部門, グループリーダー (30359054) ; YOSHIKAWA Makoto JAXA, Space Information and Energy, Associate Prof. (70311173)
• Project Period (FY): 2003 – 2005
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000); Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000); Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000); Fiscal Year 2003: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
• Keywords: Doppler frequency / VLBI / Lunar gravity field / Gravity anomaly / Lunar explorer / SELENE / dichotomy of the Moon / 月 / 4-Wayドプラー / 月裏側 / 内部構造 / 相対VLBI

Research Abstract

The lunar far-side is covered by highland although the lunar near side consists of basins. This differentiation is called dichotomy. If the dichotomy is shown not only in the surface but also the lithosphere, new knowledge are given about the thermal history of the Moon. The geodetic measurement, objective of this research, provides us the internal structure such as lithosphere of the Moon. Two new methods of 4-Way Doppler and differential VLB I are applied to the Japanese lunar explorer SELENE for the geodetic measurements of the Moon. Instruments and software are developed for the measurements. Research results for 3 years are shown bellow.
(1)A 4-way Doppler method was completed by using a relay satellite. This method enables Doppler measurement of the far-side for the first time.
(2)A Differential VLBI method was completed. It has potential to determine the position of a satellite with an accuracy of 20cm around the Moon.
(3)Reduction and analysis software for data that SELENE will obtain was developed. The lunar gravity anomaly can be estimated by this software.
(4)Future plans were also investigated to explore the lunar internal structure.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Investigation of Fine Phenomena of the Lunar Libration in Space Missions. (2006)
  • Author(s): Gusev A., Kawano N., Petrova N.
  • Journal Title: Advance Space Research (Inpress)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Investigation of Fine Phenomena of the Lunar Libration in Space Missions. (2006)
  • Author(s): Gusev A., N.Kawano, N.Petrova.
  • Journal Title: Advance Space Research (in press)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] International VLBI tracking of SELENE (2006)
  • Author(s): Kawano N.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of 4^<th> IVS General Meeting 1(In Press)
• [Journal Article] 月探査機SELENEの2衛星による同一ビーム相対VLBI観測技術 (2006)
  • Author(s): 劉 慶会, 河野宣之, 他
  • Journal Title: 電子情報通信学会論文誌B 89JB・4 Pages: 602-617
  • NAID: 110007378795
• [Journal Article] The SELENE mission and Japanese lunar exploration scenario (2005)
  • Author(s): Noda H
  • Journal Title: Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society 39 Pages: 1-4
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Gravimetric Missions in Japanese Lunar Explorer (2005)
  • Author(s): Hanada, H.
  • Journal Title: Proc. XXVIIIth General Assembly of International Union of Radio Science (URSI), 2005.
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] The SELENE mission and Japanese lunar exploration scenario. (2005)
  • Author(s): Noda H., H.Hanada, N.Kawano, T.Iwata
  • Journal Title: Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society 39 Pages: 1-4
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Ellingsen, S., Gravimetric Missions in Japanese Lunar Explorer. (2005)
  • Author(s): Hanada H., Iwata, T., Namiki, N., Kawano, N., Asari, K., Ishikawa, T., Kikuchi, F., Liu, Q., Matsumoto, K., Noda, K., Ping, J., Tsuruta, S., Iwadate, K., Kameya, O., Kuji, S., Tamura, Y., Hong, X., Aili, Y.
  • Journal Title: Proc. XXVIIIth General Assembly of International Union of Radio Science (URSI) 2
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Investigation of fine phenomena of the lunar libration in space missions (2005)
  • Author(s): Gusev A.N.Kawano et al.
  • Journal Title: Advance Space Research 35 Pages: 10-10
• [Journal Article] Research and Developments for e-VLBI Utilizing Global High Speed Network Connections, (2005)
  • Author(s): Yasuhiro Koyama
  • Journal Title: Journal of National Institute of Information and Communications Technology 52 Pages: 131-139
• [Journal Article] 冷却する惑星リソスフェアの不安定性:線形安定性理論による地球と金星の比較 (2005)
  • Author(s): 武谷賢, 並木則行
  • Journal Title: 遊・星・人 14 Pages: 113-127
  • NAID: 110003378933
• [Journal Article] Investigation of Fine Phenomena of the Lunar Libration in Space Missions. (2005)
  • Author(s): Gusev A., Kawano N., Petrova N.
  • Journal Title: Advance Space Research 35(in press) Pages: 10-10
• [Journal Article] Statistical Characteristics of Atmospheric Phase Fluctuations Observed by a VLBI System Using a Beacon Wave from a Geostationary Satellite (2005)
  • Author(s): 劉 慶会, 河野宣之他
  • Journal Title: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 53・4(in press)
• [Journal Article] Results of the critical design of RSAT/VRAD mission instruments on SELENE sub-satellites Rstar/Vstar for selenodesy (2004)
  • Author(s): Iwata Takahiro
  • Journal Title: IAG Symposia 128 Pages: 157-162
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Application of PZT telescope to Insitu Lunar Orientation Measurement (ILOM) (2004)
  • Author(s): Hanada Hideo.
  • Journal Title: IAG Symposia 128 Pages: 163-168
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Ground-base verification of four-way Doppler measurement for the SELENE mission (2004)
  • Author(s): Noda Hirotomo
  • Journal Title: IAG Symposia 128 Pages: 152-156
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Geodetic VLBI Experiments with the K5 System. (2004)
  • Author(s): Yasuhiro Koyama
  • Journal Title: NASA/CP-2004-212255
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] VLBI observation of narrow bandwidth signals from the spacecraft (2004)
  • Author(s): 菊池冬彦
  • Journal Title: Earth Planets and Space 56 Pages: 1041-1047
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] New method of measuring phase caracteristics of antenna using Doppler frequency measurement technique (2004)
  • Author(s): Qinhui Liu
  • Journal Title: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 52 Pages: 3312-3318
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Accurate Astrometry of 22 Southern Hemisphere Radio Sources (2004)
  • Author(s): John E.Reynolds, Y.Koyama
  • Journal Title: Astronomical Journal 127 Pages: 1791-1795
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Results of the critical design of RSAT/VRAD mission instruments on SELENE sub-satellites Rstar/Vstar for selenodesy. (2004)
  • Author(s): Iwata Takahiro, T.Sasaki, T.Izumi, Y.Kono, H.Hanada, N.Kawano, F.Kikuchi
  • Journal Title: IAG Symposia 128 Pages: 157-162
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Application of PZT telescope to Insitu Lunar Orientation Measurement (ILOM). (2004)
  • Author(s): Hanada H., K.Heki, H.Araki, K.Matsumoto, H.Noda, N.Kawano, T.Tsubokawa, T.Tsuruta, S.Tazawa, K.Asari, Y.Kono, T.Yano, N.Gouda, T.Iwata, T.Yokoyama, H.Kanamori, K.Funazaki, T.Miyazaki
  • Journal Title: IAG Symposia 128 Pages: 163-168
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Ground-base verification of four-way Doppler measurement for the SELENE mission. (2004)
  • Author(s): Noda H., K.Asari, N.Namiki, T.Iwata, Y.Kono, H.Hanada, N.Kawano, Z.Yamamoto
  • Journal Title: IAG Symposia 128 Pages: 152-156
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Geodetic VLBI Experiments with the K5 System (2004)
  • Author(s): Yasuhiro Koyama
  • Journal Title: NASA/CP-2004-212255
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] VLBI observation of narrow bandwidth signals from the spacecraft. (2004)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi F., Y.Kono, M.Yoshikawa, M.Sekido, M.Ohnishi, Y.Murata, J.Ping, Q.Liu, K.Matsumoto, K.Asari, S.Tsuruta, H.Hanada, N.Kawano
  • Journal Title: Earth Planets and Space 56 Pages: 1041-1047
  • NAID: 10017466349
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] New method of measuring phase characteristics of antenna using Doppler frequency measurement technique. (2004)
  • Author(s): Liu Q., S.Tsuruta, K.Asari, J.Ping, F.Kikuchi, K.Matsumoto, N.Kawano
  • Journal Title: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 52, No.12 Pages: 3312-3318
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Accurate Astrometry of 22 Southern Hemisphere Radio Sources (2004)
  • Author(s): John E.Reynolds, Yasuhiro Koyama etc.
  • Journal Title: Astronomical Journal 127 Pages: 1791-1795
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] VLBI observation of narrow bandwidth signals from the spacecraft (2004)
  • Author(s): 菊池冬彦, 河野裕介, 松本晃治, 鶴田誠逸, 花田英夫, 河野宣之他
  • Journal Title: Earth Planets and Space 56 Pages: 1041-1047
  • NAID: 10017466349
• [Journal Article] New method of measuring phase characteristics of antenna using the Doppler frequency measurement technique (2004)
  • Author(s): 劉 慶会, 鶴田誠逸, 松本晃治, 河野宣之他
  • Journal Title: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 52・12 Pages: 3312-3318
• [Journal Article] Research on lunar interior by Japanese explorer SELENE (2003)
  • Author(s): Kawano N.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of Joint Intern. Conf. "New Geometry of Nature" 114-119 3 Pages: 114-119
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Precise Positioning of spacecrafts by multi-frequency VLBI (2003)
  • Author(s): Kono Yusuke, H.Hanada, J.Ping, Y.Koyama, et al.
  • Journal Title: Earth Planets Space 55 Pages: 581-589
  • NAID: 10011943654
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Gravitation investigations on the SELENE mission and the existence of a lunar core (2003)
  • Author(s): Gusev Alexander
  • Journal Title: Astron. & Astroph. Trans 22 Pages: 579-584
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] ドップラーデータを用いたスピン衛生姿勢決定 (2003)
  • Author(s): 菊池冬彦
  • Journal Title: 電子情報通信学会論文誌 J86-B, No.6 Pages: 959-968
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Testing hypotheses for the origin of steep slope of lunar size-frequency dirstibution for small craters. (2003)
  • Author(s): Namiki, N
  • Journal Title: Earth Planets Space 55 Pages: 39-51
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Research on lunar interior by Japanese explorer SELENE. (2003)
  • Author(s): Kawano N.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of Joint International Conf, "New Geometry of Nature" 3 Pages: 114-119
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Precise Positioning of spacecrafts by multi-frequency VLBI. (2003)
  • Author(s): Kono Yusuke, H.Hanada, J.Ping, Y.Koyama, Y.fukuzaki, N.Kawano
  • Journal Title: Earth Planets Space 55 Pages: 581-589
  • NAID: 10011943654
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Precise Positioning of spacecrafts by SELENE mission and the existence of a lunar core. (2003)
  • Author(s): Gusev A., N.Kawano, N.Petrova
  • Journal Title: Astron. & Astroph.Trans. 22 Pages: 579-584
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Attitude estimation for a spin stabilized spacecraft from Doppler shift. (2003)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi F., Y.Kono, H.Hanada, T.Iwata, T.Ono, N.Kawano
  • Journal Title: IEICE Transaction on Communications (in Japanese) J86-B, No.6 Pages: 959-968
  • NAID: 110003170472
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Testing hypotheses for the origin of steep slope of lunar size-frequency distribution for small craters. (2003)
  • Author(s): Namiki, N., C.Honda
  • Journal Title: Earth Planets Space 55 Pages: 39-51
  • NAID: 10011441983
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] New methods to monitor a satellite-to-satellite 4-Way link. (2003)
  • Author(s): Asari K., Y.Kono, T.Iwata, K.Yonekura, T.Takano, N.Kawano
  • Journal Title: IEICE Transaction on Communications (in Japanese) J86-B, No.11 Pages: 2328-2335
  • NAID: 110003170367
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Kono Yusuke, H.Hanada, J.Ping, Y.Koyama, et al.: "Precise Positioning of spacecrafts by multi-frequency VLBI"Earth Planets Space. 55. 581-589
• [Publications] Gusev Alexander, N.Kaawno, N.Petrova, et al.: "Gravitation investigations on the SELENE mission and the existence of unar core"Astron.& Astroph.Trans. 22. 1-6 (2003)
• [Publications] Iwata Takahiro, T.Sasaki, T.Izumi, Y.Kono, H.Hanada, et al.: "Results of the critical design of RSAT/VRAD mission instruments on SELENE sub-satellites Rstar/Vstar for selenodesy"J.Geodesy. in press. (2004)
• [Publications] Hanada Hideo, K.Heki, H.Araki, K.Matsumoto, et al.: "Application of PZT telescope to Insitu Lunar Orientation Mesurement (ILOM)"J.Geodesy. in press. (2004)
• [Publications] Noda Hirotomo, K.Asari, Y.Kono, T.Iwata, T.Namiki, H.Hanada, et al.: "Ground-base verification of four-way Doppler measurement for the SELENE mission"J.Geodesy,2004.XXIII General Assembly. in press. (2004)
• [Publications] 菊池冬彦, 河野裕介, 花田英夫, 岩田隆浩, 小野高幸, 河野宣之: "ドップラーデータを用いたスピン衛星姿勢決定"電子情報通信学会論文誌. J86-B, No.6. 959-968 (2003)
• [Publications] 浅利一善, 河野裕介, 岩田隆浩, 米倉克英, 高野忠, 河野宣之: "2衛星折り返しリンクの同期状態の新しい監視法"電子情報通信学会論文誌. B J86-B. 1228-2335 (2003)