| Project/Area Number |
15370006
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Ecology/Environment
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| Research Institution | HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
KUDO Gaku Hokkaido Univ., Faculty of Env.Earth Sci., Asso.Prof., 大学院・地球環境科学研究院, 助教授 (30221930)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OHARA Masashi Hokkaido Univ., Faculty of Env.Earth Sci., Prof., 大学院・地球環境科学研究院, 教授 (90194274)
石井 博 北海道大学, 大学院・地球環境科学研究科, 日本学術振興会特別研究員
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥10,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥2,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥5,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,600,000)
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| Keywords | Plant reproductive success / Pollinating insects / Inflorescence structure / Pollen dispersal / Breeding system / Pollination / Bumble bee / Nectar production / 空間遺伝構造 / 結実成功 / 資源制限 / 高山植物 / 森林植物 / 開花時期 / 結実率 |
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| Research Abstract |
To test the hypothesis that diverse floral structures and flowering patterns of animal-pollinated plants may have developed to enhance the reproductive success through male function, i.e. pollination process, we investigated the relationships between floral traits and pollinator mediated pollen flow, and the relationships between pollination efficiency and breeding system of insect-pollinated plants. The pollination experiment using artificial inflorescences under controlled conditions revealed that nectar distribution within inflorescences, inflorescence structure, and floral (and inflorescence) densities effectively influence the pollinator behavior, resulting in pollination efficiency of plants. Observation and manipulations of the pollination situation and breeding systems of various insect-pollinated species under natural conditions revealed that (1) floral color change can be a pollination strategy to reduce the geitonogamous pollination by controlling the number of successive flower visits within plants, (2) floral sex allocation of hermaphrodite flowers varies among flowers within inflorescences differently between populations depending on the type of pollinators having different pollination efficiencies, (3) variations in flowering phenology sometimes cause different pollination efficiency and genetic diversity of progenies due to the seasonal variations in pollinator activity, (4) bee-pollinated species may have higher spatiotemporal fluctuations in seed-set success than fly-pollinated species, because bees usually more susceptible to the climatic conditions than flies, and (5) clonal growth may decrease the outcrossing seed production due to acceleration of geitonogamous pollination among ramets within same genet, indicating a trade-off between clonal growth and sexual reproduction. These results indicate the importance of pollination process for reproductive success and population growth of insect-pollinated plants.
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