| Project/Area Number |
15370029
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Morphology/Structure
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| Research Institution | Kitasato University |
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Principal Investigator |
KAWAUCHI Hiroshi Kitasato University, Sch.Fish.Sci, Prof., 水産学部, 教授 (70050523)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
AKIYOSHI Takahashi Kitasato University, Sch.Fish.Sci., Assoc.Prof., 水産学部, 助教授 (10183849)
MORIYAMA Shunsuke Kitasato University, Sch.Fish.Sci., Assoc.Prof., 水産学部, 助教授 (50222352)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥15,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥3,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥4,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥7,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,100,000)
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| Keywords | Lamprey / Pituitary / Gonadotropin / Glycoprotein hormone receptor / Growth hormone / Proopiocortin / Proopiomelanotropin / Brain hormone / ウミヤツメ / プロラクチン放出ペプチド / ドチザメ / 脳下垂体ホルモン / 視床下部ホルモン / メラニン凝集ホルモン / 生殖腺刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン / プロラクチン放出ホルモン / アワビ成長ホルモン様因子 / 遺伝子クローニング / 遺伝子 / 黄体形成ホルモン |
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| Research Abstract |
This study aimed to understand the origin and evolution of endocrine systems of reproduction, growth and adaptation in vertebrates based on the identification of brain and pituitary hormones and receptor in an agnathans, lampreys.
1.Pituitary hormones
(1)We identified a gonadotropin (GTH) β subunit from the sea lamprey pituitary, showing intermediate sequence similarity to both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) β and luteinizing hormone (LH) β subunits. The GTH-producing cells were located in the ventral half of the proximal pars distalis of the pituitary. GTHβ subunit mRNA was stimulated by lamprey gonadotropin-stimulating hormones (GnRH). The results indicate that lamprey has a single GTH gene. We hypothesized that a single GTH gene occurred in a strain of agnathan, hence FSH and LH may have appeared in gnathostomes.
(2)We determined the structures of GTHβ subunit, growth hormone (GH), proopiocortin (POC) and proopiomelanotropin (POM) genes in sea lamprey.
(3)We demonstrated the presenc
… More
e of POC and POM genes in the pouched and short-headed lampreys, as in the sea lamprey. These findings suggest that the duplication event which generated the two genes may have occurred in a common ancestor of the three extant lampreys.
2.Glycoprotein hormone receptor.
We identified two kinds of glycoprotein hormone receptor cDNAs from sea lamprey : one is a GTH-like receptor located in the gonad and the other is a TSH-like receptor located in the thyroid tissue. These strongly suggest that GTH and TSH also exist in agnathans
3.Brain hormones
(1)We identified two homologues of prolactin-releasing peptide (RFa-A and B) from the sea lamprey brain. RFa immunoreactive cells were detected not only in the hypothalamus but also in the pars intermedia of the pituitary. Both RFa-A and B inhibited the expression of GH and POM mRNAs in the pituitary.
(2)We cloned GnRH-III cDNAs from eight species of lamprey representing the three families of Petromyzoniformes. The sequences of GnRH-III can be divided into three groups supporting the current view of the lamprey lineage at the family level. Less
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