| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SHIMADA Keiko Kanazawa University, Faculty of Medicine, associate professor, 医学部, 助教授 (60115243)
SAKAI Akemi Kanazawa University, Faculty of Medicine, professor, 医学部, 教授 (90115238)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Objectives : The present study was undertaken to develop a scale for assessing the degree of difficulty experienced by mothers when dealing with crying infants and to evaluate its reliability and validity.
Methods : 1.Preparing a scale for assessing difficulty dealing with a crying infant
2.Conducting a survey using the scale
3.Evaluating the reliability and validity of the scale
Results : 1.On the basis of the data obtained by interviewing mothers and from longitudinal surveys conducted while infants were between 1 and 12 months of age, we analyzed the circumstances when mothers felt it was difficult to deal with their children and the factors associated with this difficulty. We then attempted to develop a conceptual framework for assessing the experience of difficulty mothers have when dealing with crying infants. After that, referring to published papers on existing scales related to childcare, we developed a 17-item scale. Each item of the scale was designed to rate the mother's experi
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ence of difficulty on a four-point scale (Likert's scale).
2.A survey using the scale was conducted at 26 obstetric facilities, which had consented to the survey, in the Hokuriku District, Japan. At each facility, mothers of infants receiving a health checkup at age 1 month were studied. Seven hundred copies of the questionnaire were delivered in total. Responses were collected from 441 mothers (63.0%). Responses from 425 mothers (96.4%) were deemed to be valid for evaluation. The correlations were analyzed between each of two of the 17 items and between the score for each item and the total score of all 17 items. Three items for which the coefficient of correlation was below 0.4 in these analyses were discarded, and the remaining 14 items were further analyzed.
3.In the factor analysis (principal component analysis, Varimax rotation) of the 14 remaining items, the factor load was below 0.4 for 3 items. After excluding these 3 items, the 11 remaining items were reanalyzed, resulting in the extraction of 2 components with an eigenvalue over 1. The first principal component was composed of 6 items which we named "burdens on mothers when taking care of crying infants." The coefficient of determination was 22.0% for the first principal component and the cumulative coefficient of determination for the first and second components was 41.2%. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.84. When criterion-related validity was tested, a significant positive correlation with Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (r=0.421, p<0.001) and a significant negative correlation with our own emotional scale (α=0.86 ; r=-0.642, p<0.001).
Conclusion : We developed an 11-item scale for assessing the difficulty mothers experience when dealing with crying infants. This scale was found to have quite high reliability and validity. Less
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