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Evaluation of novel mechanisms involved in the regulation of large scale organic carbon vertical transport processes in the ocean

Research Project

Project/Area Number 15H01725
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Environmental dynamic analysis
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Nagata Toshi  東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 教授 (40183892)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 横川 太一  国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 海洋生命理工学研究開発センター, 研究員 (00402751)
木暮 一啓  東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 名誉教授 (10161895)
福田 秀樹  東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 准教授 (30451892)
小川 浩史  東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 准教授 (50260518)
岩崎 渉  東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 准教授 (50545019)
Project Period (FY) 2015-04-01 – 2018-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥45,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥14,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,270,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥16,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,750,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥15,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,480,000)
Keywords海洋 / 微生物 / 凝集体 / 炭素循環 / 沈降フラックス / 中・深層 / ウィルス / 微生物群集 / 細菌 / 珪藻類 / 海洋炭素循環 / 微生物ゲノム / 細菌群集 / 有機物
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Vertical delivery of organic carbon from the sun-lit layer to the deep ocean is mediated by the sinking of large organic aggregates. This process, called biological pump, plays an important role in the carbon sequestration in the oceans’ interior, yet the regulation of organic aggregate formation in seawater has yet to be clarified fully. This study examined the role of marine bacteria in the regulation of marine organic aggregates. Our data from a series of laboratory experiments revealed that marine bacterial assemblages can substantially enhance the formation of large organic aggregates. One group of bacteria possessing an outstanding capability of enhancing organic aggregate formation was identified to be the genus Pseudoalteromonas. Field studies were conducted to collect data on aggregate and microbial distributions in the oceanic water columns. These data provided novel insights into the role of aggregates in vertical and horizontal delivery of organic carbon in the sea.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

今後、海水温の上昇や気候変動による海流の変化が起きたときに、生物ポンプの機能がどのように変化するのかを予測することは人類にとっての重大な関心事である。本研究の成果は、気候変動に対する海洋炭素循環システムの応答とそれが気候に及ぼすフィードバックを考えるうえで重要な基礎的知見である。また、凝集体は、海洋における汚染物質(放射性物質やマイクロプラスチックなど)の分布や動態にも強い影響を及ぼすことから、本研究の成果は、新しい海洋環境浄化手法の開発といった応用的な分野にも重要なヒントを与える可能性がある。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • 2015 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (13 results)

All 2018 2017 2016 2015 Other

All Journal Article (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 8 results,  Open Access: 7 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 3 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Invited: 2 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Balancing organic carbon supply and consumption in the ocean's interior: Evidence from repeated biogeochemical observations conducted in the subarctic and subtropical western North Pacific2018

    • Author(s)
      Uchimiya Mario、Fukuda Hideki、Wakita Masahide、Kitamura Minoru、Kawakami Hajime、Honda Makio C.、Ogawa Hiroshi、Nagata Toshi
    • Journal Title

      Limnology and Oceanography

      Volume: 63 Issue: 5 Pages: 2015-2027

    • DOI

      10.1002/lno.10821

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Aggregate formation during the viral lysis of a marine diatom.2018

    • Author(s)
      Yamada Y, Tomaru Y, Fukuda H, Nagata T.
    • Journal Title

      Front Mar Sci

      Volume: 5 Pages: 167-173

    • DOI

      10.3389/fmars.2018.00167

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in the deep ocean: full-depth distribution patterns and contribution to the organic carbon pool2017

    • Author(s)
      Yamada Y、Yokokawa T、Uchimiya M、Nishino S、Fukuda H、Ogawa H、Nagata T
    • Journal Title

      Marine Ecology Progress Series

      Volume: 583 Pages: 81-93

    • DOI

      10.3354/meps12339

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Bacterial enhancement of gel particle coagulation in seawater2016

    • Author(s)
      Yamada, Y., Fukuda, H., Tada, Y., Kogure, K. and Nagata, T.
    • Journal Title

      Aquatic Microbial Ecology

      Volume: 77 Issue: 1 Pages: 11-22

    • DOI

      10.3354/ame01784

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Coupled response of bacterial production to wind-induced fall phytoplankton bloom and sediment resuspension in the Chukchi sea shelf, western arctic ocean2016

    • Author(s)
      Mario Uchimiya, Chiaki Motegi, Shigeto Nishino, Yusuke Kawaguchi, Jun Inoue, Hiroshi Ogawa, Toshi Nagata
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Marine Science

      Volume: 3 Pages: 231-231

    • DOI

      10.3389/fmars.2016.00231

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Effects of temperature-elevation and glucose-addition on prokaryotic production and respiration in the mesopelagic layer of the western North Pacific2015

    • Author(s)
      Uchimiya, M., H. Ogawa, T. Nagata
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Oceanography

      Volume: 72 Issue: 3 Pages: 419-426

    • DOI

      10.1007/s10872-015-0294-4

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Localized accumulation and a shelf-basin gradient of particles in the Chukchi Sea and Canada Basin, western Arctic.2015

    • Author(s)
      Y Yamada, H Fukuda, M Uchimiya, C Motegi, S Nishino, T Kikuchi, T Nagata
    • Journal Title

      J Geophys Res-Oceans

      Volume: 120 Issue: 7 Pages: 4638-4653

    • DOI

      10.1002/2015jc010794

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] High proline content of bacteria-sized particles in the western North Pacific and Its potential as a new biogeochemical Indicator of organic matter diagenesis.2015

    • Author(s)
      Hiroyuki Takasu, Toshi Nagata
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Marine Science: Marine Biogeochemistry

      Volume: 2

    • DOI

      10.3389/fmars.2015.00110

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Presentation] 海洋における微生物・ウイルス群集の炭素・窒循環における役割に関する研究2018

    • Author(s)
      永田俊
    • Organizer
      日本海洋学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 黒潮流軸付近において現場型光散乱・透過率粒子測定計で検出された粒子の鉛直分布と粒子サイズ分布2016

    • Author(s)
      山田 洋輔、福田 秀樹、永田 俊
    • Organizer
      日本海洋学会2016年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Bacterial control of gel-like particle coagulation in seawater: implications for the regulation of biological carbon pump2016

    • Author(s)
      Yosuke Yamada, Hideki Fukuda, Toshi Nagata
    • Organizer
      AORI-SIO Symposium for Building Strategic Partnership
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Organic matter-microbe interactions in the ocean - Towards a global synthesis2015

    • Author(s)
      Toshi Nagata, Taichi Yokokawa and Hiroyasu Hasumi
    • Organizer
      7th Japan-Taiwan-Korea (JTK) International Symposium on Microbial Ecology
    • Place of Presentation
      土浦市役所亀城プラザ、茨城県、土浦市
    • Year and Date
      2015-10-18
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Remarks] 海洋における有機物と微生物の相互作用システムの機構解明

    • URL

      http://bg.aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp/project/project02/

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report 2016 Annual Research Report 2015 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2015-04-16   Modified: 2020-03-30  

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