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Anisotropy of the Earth's inner core studied by high-pressure deformation experiments

Research Project

Project/Area Number 15H03749
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Petrology/Mineralogy/Economic geology
Research InstitutionEhime University

Principal Investigator

Nishihara Yu  愛媛大学, 地球深部ダイナミクス研究センター, 准教授 (10397036)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 太田 健二  東京工業大学, 理学院, 准教授 (20727218)
大内 智博  愛媛大学, 地球深部ダイナミクス研究センター, 講師 (60570504)
松影 香子  帝京科学大学, 総合教育センター, 准教授 (80343078)
Research Collaborator SETO yusuke  
HIGO yuji  
Project Period (FY) 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,840,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥7,670,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,770,000)
Keywords地球中心核 / hcp鉄 / 高温高圧変形実験 / 結晶選択配向 / 地震波異方性 / 格子選択配向
Outline of Final Research Achievements

To investigate formation mechanism of the seismic anisotropy in the Earth’s inner core, we conducted deformation experiments and thermal conductivity measurements on hcp-iron. Crystallographic-preferred orientation determined by the deformation experiments suggests predominance of basal slip in hcp-iron, and the strength of the calculated anisotropy is comparable to the inner core anisotropy. Thermal conductivity measurements revealed that the hcp-iron has a strong anisotropy where the thermal conductivity varies by a factor of 3-4 depending on crystallographic orientation. This strong anisotropy may enhance temperature heterogeneity in the inner core.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

地球中心に位置する内核を南北の極方向に伝播する縦波(P波)は赤道方向へ伝播するものに比べて約3%も高速であることが知られている(地震波速度異方性)。この原因として、様々な仮説が提唱されてきたが、いまだに一致した見解は得られていない。本研究の結果は内核内での変形流動により結晶が特定方位に配列することで内核の地震波速度異方性がうまく解釈できることを示し、この謎を解き明かすうえでの判断材料を提供した。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • 2015 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (46 results)

All 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (4 results) Journal Article (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 11 results,  Open Access: 7 results) Presentation (30 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 12 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University College London(英国)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ユニバーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン(英国)

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] バイロイト大学(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ユニバーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン(英国)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Stability of hydrous phases of Al-rich phase D and Al-rich phase H in deep subducted oceanic crust2019

    • Author(s)
      Xingcheng Liu, Kyoko N. Matsukage, Yu Nishihara, Toshihiro Suzuki, and Eiichi Takahashi
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist

      Volume: 104 Issue: 1 Pages: 64-72

    • DOI

      10.2138/am-2019-6559

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Deformation-induced crystallographic-preferred orientation of hcp-iron: An experimental study using a deformation-DIA apparatus2018

    • Author(s)
      Nishihara Yu、Ohuchi Tomohiro、Kawazoe Takaaki、Seto Yusuke、Maruyama Genta、Higo Yuji、Funakoshi Ken-ichi、Tange Yoshinori、Irifune Tetsuo
    • Journal Title

      Earth and Planetary Science Letters

      Volume: 490 Pages: 151-160

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.epsl.2018.03.029

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] An Experimental Examination of Thermal Conductivity Anisotropy in hcp Iron2018

    • Author(s)
      Ohta Kenji、Nishihara Yu、Sato Yuki、Hirose Kei、Yagi Takashi、Kawaguchi Saori I.、Hirao Naohisa、Ohishi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Earth Science

      Volume: 6 Pages: 1-15

    • DOI

      10.3389/feart.2018.00176

    • NAID

      120006889161

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Morphological stability of hydrous liquid droplets at grain boundaries of eclogite minerals in the deep upper mantle2017

    • Author(s)
      Matsukage, K.N., M. Hashimoto and Y. Nishihara
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

      Volume: 112 Issue: 6 Pages: 346-358

    • DOI

      10.2465/jmps.170309

    • NAID

      130006287887

    • ISSN
      1345-6296, 1349-3825
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Iron-titanium oxyhydroxides as water carriers in the Earth's deep mantle2016

    • Author(s)
      Y. Nishihara, K. N. Matsukage
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist

      Volume: 101 Issue: 4 Pages: 919-927

    • DOI

      10.2138/am-2016-5517

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report 2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Determination of pressure effect on thermocouple electromotive force using multi-anvil apparatus2016

    • Author(s)
      Y. Nishihara, K. Fuke, Y. Tange, Y. Higo
    • Journal Title

      High Pressure Research

      Volume: 36 Issue: 2 Pages: 121-139

    • DOI

      10.1080/08957959.2016.1169275

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report 2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Growth kinetics of forsterite reaction rims at high-pressure2016

    • Author(s)
      Y. Nishihara, G. Maruyama, M. Nishi
    • Journal Title

      Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

      Volume: 257 Pages: 220-229

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.pepi.2016.06.008

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Creep strength of ringwoodite measured at pressure-temperature conditions of the lower part of the mantle transition zone using a deformation-DIA apparatus2016

    • Author(s)
      T. Kawazoe, Y. Nishihara, T. Ohuchi, N. Miyajima, G. Maruyama, Y. Higo, K. Funakoshi, and T. Irifune, T.
    • Journal Title

      Earth and Planetary Science Letters

      Volume: 454 Pages: 10-19

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.epsl.2016.08.011

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Mantle dynamics inferred from the crystallographic preferred orientation of bridgmanite2016

    • Author(s)
      N. Tsujino, Y. Nishihara, D. Yamazaki, Y. Seto, Y. Higo, E. Takahashi
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 539 Issue: 7627 Pages: 81-84

    • DOI

      10.1038/nature19777

    • NAID

      120006331948

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Elastic wave velocity anomalies of anorthite in subducting plate: In situ experiments2015

    • Author(s)
      Kyoko N. MATSUKAGE, Yu NISHIHARA, Fumiya NORITAKE, Katsuyuki KAWAMURA, Noriyoshi TSUJINO, Moe SAKURAI, Yuji HIGO, Junichi NAKAJIMA, Akira HASEGAWA, Eiichi TAKAHASHI
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist

      Volume: in press Issue: 8-9 Pages: 1856-1865

    • DOI

      10.2138/am-2015-5240

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] In situ observation of crystallographic preferred orientation of deforming olivine at high pressure and high temperature2015

    • Author(s)
      Ohuchi, T., Nishihara, Y., Seto, Y., Kawazoe, T., Nishi, M., Maruyama, G., Hashimoto, M., Higo, Y., Funakoshi, K.-I., Suzuki, A., Kikegawa, T., Irifune, T.
    • Journal Title

      Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

      Volume: 243 Pages: 1-21

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.pepi.2015.04.004

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Crystallographic-preferred orientation of MnGeO3 perovskite2018

    • Author(s)
      西原遊、Hunt Simon、Dobson David、亀卦川卓美、船守展正、肥後祐司
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2018年大会(JpGU2018)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Anisotropic thermal conductivity of hcp iron and the implications for the Earth’s inner core2018

    • Author(s)
      太田健二、西原遊、佐藤雄輝、廣瀬敬、八木貴志、河口沙織、平尾直久、大石泰生
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2018年大会(JpGU2018)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Crystallographic-preferred orientation of MnGeO3 perovskite2018

    • Author(s)
      Nishihara, Y., Hunt, S., Dobson, D., Higo, Y.
    • Organizer
      IMA2018 (International Mineralogical Association)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Iron-titanium oxyhydroxides as a water transporter into the Earth's mantle transition zone and lower mantle2018

    • Author(s)
      Matsukage, K. N., Nishihara, Y., Liu, X., Seto, Y., Takahashi, E.
    • Organizer
      IMA2018 (International Mineralogical Association)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 高圧におけるコーサイトの粘性率2018

    • Author(s)
      土居 峻太, 西原 遊, 鈴木 昭夫, 亀卦川 卓美
    • Organizer
      日本鉱物科学会2018年会・総会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] D111型装置を用いたせん断変形場におけるMg2SiO4のオリビン-スピネル相転移実験2018

    • Author(s)
      久保友明, 森山一哉, 今村公裕, 西原遊, 鈴木昭夫
    • Organizer
      第59回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] レーザー衝撃圧縮された物質内部の応力状態2018

    • Author(s)
      丹下慶範, 西原遊, 瀬戸雄介, 松岡健之, 尾崎典雅
    • Organizer
      第59回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] R型熱電対の起電力への圧力効果2018

    • Author(s)
      西原遊, 土居峻太, 肥後祐司, 丹下慶範
    • Organizer
      第59回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] D111を用いたブリッジマナイトの変形実験2018

    • Author(s)
      辻野典秀, 山崎大輔, 西原遊
    • Organizer
      第59回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] D111型装置を用いた高温高圧変形実験2018

    • Author(s)
      西原遊, 土居峻太, 山崎大輔, 辻野典秀, 芳野極, 久保友明, 今村公裕
    • Organizer
      第59回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] コーサイトのその場観察高温高圧変形実験2018

    • Author(s)
      土居峻太, 西原遊, 鈴木昭夫, 亀卦川卓美
    • Organizer
      第59回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Torsional deformation of hcp-iron up to 3 Mbar2018

    • Author(s)
      野村龍一, 東真太郎, 西原遊, 上杉健太朗, 土居峻太, 入舩徹男
    • Organizer
      第59回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Defomation microstructures of subducted slabs in the lower mantle2018

    • Author(s)
      Azuma, S., Nomura, R., Uesugi, K., Nishihara, Y., Doi, S., Arimoto, T. and Irifune, T.
    • Organizer
      AGU Fall Meeting 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] D111-type guide block for high-pressure deformation experiments2017

    • Author(s)
      Yu Nishihara, Tomoaki Kubo, Takashi Yoshino, Tomohiro Ohuchi, Daisuke Yamazaki, Noriyoshi Tsujino
    • Organizer
      JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] コーサイトのX線その場観察変形実験2017

    • Author(s)
      土居峻太,西原遊,後藤弘匡,飯塚理子,鈴木昭夫,亀卦川卓美
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合会2017年大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Effect of pressure on temperature measurements using Wre thermocouple and its impact on geophysics2017

    • Author(s)
      Yu Nishihara, Shunta Doi, Yuji Hig, Yoshinori Tange, Tetsuo Irifune
    • Organizer
      JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] WRe熱電対への圧力効果とその地球深部科学への影響2017

    • Author(s)
      西原遊,土居峻太,柿澤翔,肥後祐司,丹下慶範,入舩徹男
    • Organizer
      日本鉱物科学会2017年年会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 高温高圧におけるコーサイトのレオロジー特性2017

    • Author(s)
      土居峻太,西原遊,後藤弘匡,飯塚理子,鈴木昭夫,亀卦川卓美
    • Organizer
      日本鉱物科学会2017年年会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Is thermal conductivity of hcp iron anisotropic?2017

    • Author(s)
      Ohta, K., Sato, Y., Nishihara, Y., Yagi, T., Hirose, K., Kawaguchi-Imada, S., Hirao, N. and Ohishi, Y.
    • Organizer
      High-Pressure Mineral Physics Seminar (HPMPS-9)
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] hcp鉄の熱伝導率異方性の測定2017

    • Author(s)
      太田健二,佐藤雄輝,西原遊,八木貴志,廣瀬敬,河口沙織,平尾直久,大石泰生
    • Organizer
      第58回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 高温高圧におけるコーサイトのレオロジー2017

    • Author(s)
      土居峻太,西原遊,後藤弘匡,飯塚理子,鈴木昭夫,亀卦川卓美
    • Organizer
      第58回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] WRe熱電対起電力への圧力効果とその地球深部科学への影響2017

    • Author(s)
      西原遊,土居峻太,柿澤翔,肥後祐司,丹下慶範,入舩徹男
    • Organizer
      第58回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] KEKでの大容量プレスを用いた高圧変形実験2016

    • Author(s)
      西原遊,久保友明,芳野極,大内智博,山崎大輔,鈴木昭夫
    • Organizer
      KEKでの大容量プレスを用いた高圧変形実験
    • Place of Presentation
      筑波大学大学会館 (茨城県・つくば市)
    • Year and Date
      2016-10-28
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] マルチアンビル装置を用いた熱電対起電力の圧力効果の測定2016

    • Author(s)
      西原遊,丹下慶範,肥後祐司
    • Organizer
      第57回高圧討論会
    • Place of Presentation
      筑波大学大学会館 (茨城県・つくば市)
    • Year and Date
      2016-10-26
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Lattice-Preferred-Orientation of hcp Metals Studied by High-Pressure Deformation2016

    • Author(s)
      Nishihara Y, Ohuchi T, Kawazoe T, Maruyama G, Seto Y, Higo Y, Funakoshi K-I & Tange Y.
    • Organizer
      Goldschmidt 2016
    • Place of Presentation
      パシフィコ横浜 (神奈川県・横浜市)
    • Year and Date
      2016-06-30
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Determination of pressure effect on the thermocouple electromotive force using multi-anvil2016

    • Author(s)
      西原遊,福家一樹,丹下慶範,肥後祐司
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2016年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      幕張メッセ国際会議場 (千葉県・千葉市)
    • Year and Date
      2016-05-22
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 高圧変形その場観察実験によるhcp金属の格子選択配向の研究2016

    • Author(s)
      西原遊,大内智博,川添貴章,丸山玄太,瀬戸雄介,肥後祐司,舟越賢一,丹下慶範
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2016年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      幕張メッセ国際会議場 (千葉県・千葉市)
    • Year and Date
      2016-05-22
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Lattice preferred orientation of hcp-iron induced by shear deformation2015

    • Author(s)
      Yu Nishihara, Tomohiro Ohuchi, Takaaki Kawazoe, Genta Maruyama, Yuji Higo, Ken-ichi Funakoshi and Yusuke Seto
    • Organizer
      2015 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      Moscone Center, San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      2015-12-16
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] マルチアンビル装置を用いた熱電対起 電力への圧力効果の測定法2015

    • Author(s)
      西原遊,福家一樹,肥後祐司,丹下慶範
    • Organizer
      第56回高圧討論会
    • Place of Presentation
      JMSアステールプラザ・広島
    • Year and Date
      2015-11-10
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Microstructure and growth-kinetics of forsterite reaction rim under high pressure2015

    • Author(s)
      Yu Nishihara, Genta Maruyama
    • Organizer
      Japan Geoscience Meeting 2015
    • Place of Presentation
      幕張メッセ・千葉
    • Year and Date
      2015-05-28
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Remarks] 西原准教授らが下部マントルの流動方向を実験的に制約

    • URL

      http://www.grc.ehime-u.ac.jp/archives/1431

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2015-04-16   Modified: 2022-08-26  

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