From Snowball Ice to the Cambrian explosion: toward better understanding of the linkage between earth's environmental dynamics and biotic evolution

• Project/Area Number: 15H05214
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 海外学術
• Research Field: Stratigraphy/Paleontology
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: Oji Tatsuo 名古屋大学, 博物館, 教授 (50160487)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 井龍 康文 東北大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 准教授 (00250671) ; 高柳 栄子 東北大学, 理学研究科, 助教 (40729208) ; 長谷川 精 高知大学, 教育研究部自然科学系理学部門, 講師 (80551605)
• Research Collaborator: DORNBOS STEVEN Q. ウィスコンシン大学, ミルウォーキー校・地球惑星科学教室, 准教授 ; GONCHIGDORJ SERSMAA モンゴル科学技術大学, 石油地質学部, 准教授
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2018-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2017)
• Budget Amount: ¥10,530,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,430,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
• Keywords: エディアカラ紀 / カンブリア紀 / 生痕化石 / 藻類化石 / 左右相称動物 / 捕食動物 / 古生態学 / カンブリア爆発 / 多細胞動物 / モンゴル / 小型有殻化石 / 生命進化 / 進化 / 層序 / 炭素同位体 / Ediacaran / Cambrian / Trace fossil / algae / Mongolia

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Two species of fossil algae were discovered from the Ediacaran of Zuun Arts, western Mongolia. The beds that contained these algae were concluded as special type of sedimentary rock known as "Burgess-type deposit" based on the chemical analysis and the mode of preservation. In addition, vertical trace fossils were discovered from the Ediacaran of Bayan Gol gorge. These trace fossils show U-shape that penetrate down to 4cm below the uppermost opening, suggesting that the producer was a bilaterian animal that was elongate in form and could burrow deep into the sediment, thus possessed ample musculature. Also this burrow suggests existence of predatory animals. This discovery was contradictory to the existing interpretation about Ediacaran life, firstly giving possible evidence of the existence of bilaterian animals and also predatory animals.

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee/Bryn Mawr College(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Mongolian Univ of Science & Technology(Mongolia)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee/University of Southern California(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Mongolian Univ of Science and Technology(Mongolia)
• [Journal Article] Penetrative trace fossils from the late Ediacaran of Mongolia: early onset of the agronomic revolution (2018)
  • Author(s): Oji Tatsuo、Dornbos Stephen Q.、Yada Keigo、Hasegawa Hitoshi、Gonchigdorj Sersmaa、Mochizuki Takafumi、Takayanagi Hideko、Iryu Yasufumi
  • Journal Title: Royal Society Open Science Volume: 5 Issue: 2 Pages: 172250-172250
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsos.172250
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Biogeographical and biostratigraphical significance of a new Middle Devonian phacopid trilobite from the Naidaijin Formation, Kurosegawa Terrane, Kyushu, southwest Japan (2018)
  • Author(s): Christopher Stocker, Gengo Tanaka, Derek Siveter, Philip lane, Yukiyasu Tsutsumi, Toshifumi Komatsu, Simon Wallis, Tatsuo Oji, David Siveter
  • Journal Title: Paleontological Research Volume: 22 Issue: 1 Pages: 75-90
  • DOI: 10.2517/2017pr011
  • NAID: 40021427580
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Stocker, C.P., Komatsu, T., Tanaka, G., Williams, M., Siveter, D.J., Bennett, C.E., Wallis, S., Oji, T., Maekawa, T., Okura, M. and Vandenbroucke, T.R.A. (2016)
  • Author(s): Carboniferous ostracods from central Honshu, Japan.
  • Journal Title: Geological Magazine Volume: － Issue: 1 Pages: 98-108
  • DOI: 10.1017/s0016756816000844
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A new Burgess Shale-type deposit from the Ediacaran of western Mongolia. (2016)
  • Author(s): Dornbos, S. Q., Oji, T., Kanayama, A. and Sersmaa, G.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 6 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-5
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep23438
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Punctuated growth of microbial cones within Early Cambrian oncoids, Bayan Gol Formation, western Mongolia. (2015)
  • Author(s): Wilmeth, D., Corsetti, F., Bisenic, N., Dornbos, S., Oji, T. and Gonchigdorj, S.
  • Journal Title: Palaios Volume: 12 Pages: 836-845
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Large penetrative trace fossils from the late Ediacaran of Mongolia: Early onset of the agronomic revolution (2017)
  • Author(s): Oji, T.
  • Organizer: 2nd Joint Conference Palaeontological Society of China & Palaeontologische Gesellshaft
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Recent new discoveries from the upper Ediacaran of western Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Oji, T., Dornbos, S.Q., Hasegawa, H., Gonchigdorj, S., Yada, K., Kanayama, A., Mochizuki, T., Takayanagi, H. and Iryu, Y.
  • Organizer: Annual Meeting of the Palaeontological Association
  • Place of Presentation: Lyon, France
  • Year and Date: 2016-12-14
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Do we have any evidence of the existence of bilaterian animals in the Ediacaran? New trace fossil data from the Ediacaran of western Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Oji, T., Dornbos, S.Q., Yada, K., Hasegawa, H., Gonchigdorj, S., and Mochizuki, T.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2016
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ、千葉市
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-26
• [Presentation] モンゴル西部における新たなエディアカラ系生物群の発見 (2016)
  • Author(s): 金山晃大・大路樹生・Dornbos, S・Sersmaa, G
  • Organizer: 日本古生物学会165回例会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学
  • Year and Date: 2016-01-30
• [Presentation] Ediacaran-early Cambrian ichnofossils from Mongolia, China and Newfoundland show geographically asynchronous appearance and evolution of metazoans. (2015)
  • Author(s): Oji, T., Dornbos, S.Q., Yada, K., Sersmaa, G., Hasegawa, H., Mochizuki, T., Takayanagi, H. and Iryu, Y.
  • Organizer: 30th Himalaya Karakoram Tibet Workshop (HKT2015)
  • Place of Presentation: Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-08
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 「カンブリア紀の農耕革命」はいつ始まったのか？ (2015)
  • Author(s): 矢田 圭吾、大路 樹生、Stephen Q. Dornbos、長谷川 精、Sersmaa Gonchigdorj、望月 貴史、高柳 栄子、井龍 康文
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2015年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-24
• [Remarks] 名古屋大学プレスリリース 5億5千万年前の生物進化に関わる世界最古の巣穴化石を発見！
• [Remarks] Digging up the Precambrian
  • URL: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180312091407.htm
• [Remarks] The world’s most important explosion
  • URL: http://www.internationalinnovation.com/the-worlds-most-important-explosion/