| Project/Area Number |
15H05235
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
Biodiversity/Systematics
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| Research Institution | Kochi University |
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Principal Investigator |
Kinoshita Izumi 高知大学, 教育研究部総合科学系黒潮圏科学部門, 教授 (60225000)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
田原 大輔 福井県立大学, 海洋生物資源学部, 准教授 (20295538)
岩田 明久 京都大学, アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科, 教授 (20303878)
馬渕 浩司 国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所, 生物・生態系環境研究センター, 主任研究員 (50401295)
安房田 智司 大阪市立大学, 大学院理学研究科, 准教授 (60569002)
酒井 治己 国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構, 水産大学校, 教授 (80399659)
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| Research Collaborator |
YOKOYAMA Ryota
GOTO Akira
SIDELEVA G Valentina
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| Project Period (FY) |
2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥16,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,810,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
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| Keywords | バイカル湖 / カジカ類 / 適応放散 / 種分化 / 古代湖 / 進化 / 生態学 / 遺伝子 / 行動学 / 生物圏現象 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We investigated shallower waters (300-500 m d) between southern and central regions in seasons before freezing (September) and after thawing (June). Thermoclines were found to 100 m-depth in June, and it was vertically well-mixed in September. DO was enough to bottoms in both seasons. Many species of deep-sculpins were used as their nurseries over this area in June. Otoliths could be collected from hatched larvae of pelagic sculpin, and daily increment and hatch-check could be recognized. Molecular phylogeny of Asprocottus species was reconstructed based on a ca. 1500bp fragment of m-DNA. No haplotypes from these formed monophyletic groups that corresponded to species boundaries, suggesting introgression through hybridization and/or incomplete lineage sorting due to rapid speciation. Compared sperm traits among three non-copulatory species and one copulatory species, sperm traits may have evolved adaptively in association with the evolution of copulation and viviparity.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
耳石日周輪の調査から，バイカルカジカの個体発生の速度は極めて遅いのに対して，mtDNA解析では，種分化の速度は極めて速いことが明らかになった．このことは，生物の個体発生と系統発生は，時間的に不の関係にあり，これまでの生物学の原理を刷新する可能性を秘めている．さらに，バイカルカジカの種分化は，同じ古代湖であるタンガニイカ湖と比べて極めて新しく，過去の温暖化による不凍結期によって，数度リセットされた可能性が示唆され，現在の地球温暖化を再考する場合，重要な参考資料となり得る．多くのカジカ深部種が，央湖盆の比較的浅部を成育場としていた事実は，本湖の環境保護ならびに種保全を考える上で意義深い．
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