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Onset of bipedal locomotion and its implications for evolutionary history of Neanderthals and modern humans

Research Project

Project/Area Number 15H05609
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Physical anthropology
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Morimoto Naoki  京都大学, 理学研究科, 助教 (70722966)

Research Collaborator Zollikofer Christoph  
Project Period (FY) 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥10,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Keywords自然人類学 / 形態 / 二足歩行 / ネアンデルタール / 人類学 / 形態学 / 人類進化 / 成長
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this project, the development of the macro-morphology of the femur, a fundamental locomotor element, was compared between modern humans and Neanderthals. To capture the subtle morphological variation, methods of morphometric mapping were used. The results show a) the femoral morphology exhibits a considerable change even after the age of maturation in modern humans, and Neanderthals follow a similar pattern of aging. On the other hand, modern humans and Neanderthals are relatively similar to each other, but differ in the processes of maturation. The functional significance has to await cautious examination, but it appears that the developmental patterns of the femur, which is of special relevance for locomotion, exhibits diversification in closely related taxa of our genus Homo.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ヒトは出生後、成長過程で骨格形態を大きく変化させる。本研究では、成熟後にも老年期にかけて大腿骨形態が大きく変化すること、その変化量は出生後から成熟年齢までにおきる形態変化と同程度であることが明らかになった。これは、加齢による骨格形態の変化を初めて定量的に示した点で学術的新規性が高く、高齢社会となった現代における社会的な意義も大きいと考える。さらに、ヒトに近縁でかつ、「現代的な」生活様式を有していなかったネアンデルタールにも同様の変化が見られた点も、学術的・社会的に広く興味を喚起する結果だと考えている。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • 2015 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 5 results,  Open Access: 1 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 2 results) Presentation (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] チューリッヒ大学(スイス)

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] (2018). Femoral ontogeny in humans and great apes and its implications for their last common ancestor2018

    • Author(s)
      Morimoto, N., Nakatsukasa, M., Ponce de Leon, M. S., Zollikofer, C. P. E.
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 8 Issue: 1 Pages: 1930-1930

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-018-20410-4

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] What could hominoid fetuses tell us about human evolution?2017

    • Author(s)
      Naoki Morimoto
    • Journal Title

      Anatomical Record

      Volume: 印刷中

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A morphometric mapping analysis of lower fourth deciduous premolar in hominoids: Implications for phylogenetic relationship between Nakalipithecus and Ouranopithecus.2017

    • Author(s)
      W. Morita, N. Morimoto, Y. Kunimatsu, A. Mazurier, C. Zanolli, M. Nakatsukasa
    • Journal Title

      Comptes Rendus Palevol

      Volume: 印刷中 Issue: 5-6 Pages: 655-669

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.crpv.2016.10.004

    • NAID

      120006504387

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Exploring metameric variation in human molars: a morphological study using morphometric mapping2016

    • Author(s)
      Morita W, Morimoto N, Ohshima H
    • Journal Title

      J Anat

      Volume: in press Issue: 3 Pages: 343-355

    • DOI

      10.1111/joa.12482

    • NAID

      120006414207

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Let bone and muscle talk together : a study of real and virtual dissection and its implications for femoral musculoskeletal structure of chimpanzees2014

    • Author(s)
      Morimoto N, Suwa G, Nishimura T, Ponce de Leon MS, Zollikofer CPE, Nakatsukasa M
    • Journal Title

      J. Anatomy

      Volume: 226 Issue: 3 Pages: 258-267

    • DOI

      10.1111/joa.12270

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Similarities and differences of femoral diaphyseal ontogeny in modern humans and Neanderthals2019

    • Author(s)
      Morimoto, N., Ponce de Leon, M., Golovanova, L., Doronichev, V., Akazawa, T., Kondo, O., Zollikofer, C.P.E.
    • Organizer
      The 88th Annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ネアンデルタールとサピエンス:大腿骨のマクロ形態の発生パターンの比較2018

    • Author(s)
      森本直記, Ponce de Leon M, Golovanova L, Doronichev V, 赤澤威, 近藤修, Zollikofer CPE
    • Organizer
      第72回日本人類学会大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ヒトにおける大腿骨形態の出生から老年期までの成長変化.2017

    • Author(s)
      森本直記, Ponce de Leon M, Zollikofer CPE
    • Organizer
      第71回日本人類学会大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] マクロ形態の発生:ヒトと大型類人猿の長骨形態とロコモーション2016

    • Author(s)
      森本直記
    • Organizer
      第70回日本人類学会大会
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ヒトとチンパンジーの四肢プロポーション成長比較2016

    • Author(s)
      小林諭史、森本直記、西村剛、山田重人、中務真人
    • Organizer
      第70回日本人類学会大会
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ヒト・現生大型類人猿における大腿骨骨幹形態の成長比較2015

    • Author(s)
      森本直記
    • Organizer
      第69回日本人類学会大会
    • Place of Presentation
      産業技術総合研究所臨海副都心センター
    • Year and Date
      2015-10-09
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] チンパンジーにおける胎児・乳児期の体プロポーション成長2015

    • Author(s)
      中務真人, 小林諭史, 森本直記
    • Organizer
      第69回日本人類学会大会
    • Place of Presentation
      産業技術総合研究所臨海副都心センター
    • Year and Date
      2015-10-09
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 形態地図法によるヒト・現生大型類人猿大臼歯の形態解析2015

    • Author(s)
      森田航, 森本直記, 河野礼子, 佐々木智彦, 諏訪元
    • Organizer
      第69回日本人類学会大会
    • Place of Presentation
      産業技術総合研究所臨海副都心センター
    • Year and Date
      2015-10-09
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2015-04-16   Modified: 2020-03-30  

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