| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Comparative analysis was performed, focusing on the spatiotemporal patterns of urban land changes and their implications for sustainable urban development in the three cities. The details of the analysis can be found in Estoque RC, Murayama Y (2017) Trends and spatial patterns of urbanization in Asia and Africa: a comparative analysis. In: Y Murayama, C Kamusoko, A Yamashita, RC Estoque (Eds) Urban Development in Asia and Africa; Geospatial Analysis of Metropolises. Springer, Singapore, pp 393-414. In brief, the analysis revealed that the urban land of Bangkok has increased by 1401 square km over the past two and a half decades (c. 1990-2014), while the urban lands of Manila and Jakarta have increased by 393 and 312 square km. In terms of percentage increase, Bangkok also had the highest (198%), followed by Jakarta (100%) and Manila (86%). The study hypothesizes that these three cities might have already undergone through the alternating process of diffusion-coalescence many times.
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