| Project/Area Number |
15K01507
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Developmental mechanisms and the body works
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| Research Institution | Waseda University |
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Principal Investigator |
Takarada Yudai 早稲田大学, スポーツ科学学術院, 教授 (70367093)
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| Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha) |
Nozaki Daichi 東京大学, 大学院教育学研究科, 教授 (70360683)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2015-04-01 – 2018-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2017)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
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| Keywords | unconscious will / motivation / human force exertion / motor system / pupil dilation / implicit learning / effort / TMS / unconscious attention |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Previous research using TMS has demonstrated that subliminal reward goal-priming can alter the motor system state and enhance the maximal voluntary force level. One possible explanation is that positive stimulus-induced reward signals are processed by the dopaminergic system (DS) in the basal ganglia, motivating individuals to increase the effort they invest in particular behaviors, or to recruit the resources necessary for maintaining those behaviors.
If so, given that the DS has functionally and anatomically close connections with the noradrenergic system (NS), we hypothesize that the NS state may be enhanced by the same process. In accord with this hypothesis, we observed that subliminal reward goal-priming caused pupil dilation, suggesting that the NS activity increased. This is the first objective evidence that the pupil-linked neuromodulatory system is related to implicit learning of the link between physical exertion and reward, resulting in more forceful voluntary motor action.
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