| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This research analyzed transformation of security policy norms in Germany with a case study on Bundeswehr deployment to the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan (2001-14), utilizing official documents, results of public opinion polls and interviews with German government officials, experts and retired generals. Germany has begun and gradually strengthened sending troops overseas since the Gulf War in 1991, although Berlin had not sent troops overseas until then because of the Basic Law. At the time of the Gulf War, Berlin had strongly been criticized by US and allies by the fact that Berlin had sent no soldiers, but provided only financial assistance for the allies then. It has been observed that interest of German public opinions has gradually shifted from contributing to international order and commitment in international crises to resolving domestic problems including refugee issues since 2013, according to results of public opinion polls and interviews.
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