| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The protection of human rights and constitutional norms cannot be accomplished only by the Supreme Court rulings that the statute in question is unconstitutional. Ongoing constitutional dialogue or interaction between the Supreme Court and the political branches is indispensable for the constitutional protection.
In ongoing constitutional dialogue, lower courts judgments that the statute in question is unconstitutional and citizens’ consciousness of human rights and constitutional norms have strong influence on the Supreme Court’s judgments on the constitutional issues. In that sense, the functions of lower courts and citizens are significant in ongoing constitutional dialogue for the protection of human rights and constitutional norms.
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