| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We examine the determinants of the choice of payment instrument for low-value day-to-day transactions less than or equal to 1000 yen using individual household survey data from 2007 to 2014. We first find that high-income, financially sophisticated households in urban areas tend to use both electronic money and cash. Second, we find that the cash holdings of households choosing electronic money and cash and those of exclusively choosing cash are not statistically different at 5% level of statistical significance, holding all other household characteristics constant.
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