| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
A number of study indicated the importance of helping behavior and social support among daily social relationships for people’s well-being. Nevertheless, Japanese are reluctant to seek help and support in comparison with European Americans. The reason of this cultural difference was accounted by higher relationship concerns among East Asians in previous studies.
However, the explanation by relationship concerns includes some problems, such as ambiguity of concept and processes of influence. Thus, this study proposed the sense of contribution hypothesis as an alternative explanation for cultural difference of help-seeking. Based on reciprocity principle, sense of contribution is correlated positively with help-seeking regardless of culture. However, Japanese people are more reluctant to seek help, because they are apt to perceive lower sense of contribution. Results of multiple online survey, which were conducted on both Japanese and U.S. adults, generally supported this hypothesis.
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