| Project/Area Number |
15K07173
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Evolutionary biology
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| Research Institution | Okayama University (2016-2018)
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (2015) |
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Principal Investigator |
Hamada Mayuko 岡山大学, 理学部, 特別契約職員(助教) (40378584)
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| Research Collaborator |
Bosch Thomas CG
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| Project Period (FY) |
2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
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| Keywords | 共生 / 進化 / ゲノム / ヒドラ / クロレラ |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
To understand the interspecies interactions and evolution of animal-algal symbiosis and the involvement of microbes such as bacteria in the symbiotic system, we analyzed genome/ transcriptome of the Cnidarian green hydra and the Chlorella symbionts. The result suggested, in the common ancestor of Chlorella, duplication of amino acid transporter genes and acquisition by horizontal transfer of chitin metabolic gene occurred, which may have contributed to frequent occurrence of symbiosis in Chlorella family. In addition, acquisition of genes for synthesis of specific secondary metabolites by horizontal transfer from bacteria and large-scale duplication of pattern recognition receptor genes were found in green hydra genome, suggesting unique defense mechanisms.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では、様々な生物で見られる藻類との共生進化をヒドラークロレラ共生システムというモデルを用いて明らかにした。ヒドラのような動物における藻類共生システムは共生進化の中間状態にあるといえ、その理解は葉緑体やミトコンドリアのような細胞小器官の進化の過程にも示唆を与えると考えられる。さらに、共生クロレラは大量の糖類の体外への分泌や特殊な二次代謝産物の合成など、特異な性質を持つことも明らかになった。本研究はこのようなユニークな共生関係の実態とその進化を理解することにつながるだけでなく、サンゴの白化現象のような環境問題への対策や藻類の産業利用などの基盤にもなると期待される。
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