Elucidation and diversity analysis of core microbiome involving in hydrocarbon degradation in anoxic environments

• Project/Area Number: 15K07183
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Biodiversity/Systematics
• Research Institution: Gifu University
• Principal Investigator: NAKAMURA KOHEI 岐阜大学, 応用生物科学部, 准教授 (40456538)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
• Keywords: 石油増進回収 / 炭化水素分解 / メタン発酵 / メタゲノム / メタン生成アーキア / 嫌気的原油分解 / メタ16S解析 / メタゲノム解析 / n-alkane / BTEX / MEOR

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Knowledge on anaerobic microbial communities degrading hydrocarbon is of great importance to recover crude oil remaining in oil fields and remediate crude oil contaminated subsurface environments. The purposes of this study were to identify and obtain aliphatic hydrocarbon degrading anaerobes under methanogenic condition and to understand microbial diversity in anaerobic hydrocarbon degrading microbial communities. Metagenomic analysis using enrichment cultures amended with diesel oil or n-alkane mixture indicated the presence of core microbiome involved in the n-alkane degradation under methanogenic condition. In addition, toluene-degrading dissimilatory sulfate reducing bacteria was isolated and its genome was sequenced.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

メタン発酵を伴う炭化水素分解反応を担う微生物群の多様性を明らかにした。既報と同様の嫌気的アルカン分解菌群に加え，その分解菌が持つアルカン分解酵素の多様性も明らかにした。今回明らかとなった嫌気的アルカン分解菌およびその分解酵素の遺伝子を知ることにより，土壌・地下水などの原油汚染や原油増進回収の際に，現地での嫌気的アルカン分解菌（その分解酵素）の存在を解析することが可能になり，汚染浄化施工や増進回収導入の事前診断につながる。また，新規に分離したトルエン分解硫酸塩還元細菌の嫌気的トルエン分解酵素遺伝子も，石油系芳香族炭化水素汚染土壌などのバイオレディエーションに利用可能である。

Research Products

• [Presentation] 軽油分解メタン発酵微生物群集の群集構造解析 (2018)
  • Author(s): 原田智菜，佃玲奈，稲葉桂子，野村泉，上原葵，鈴木徹，中村浩平
  • Organizer: 2018年度日本農芸化学会名古屋大会
• [Presentation] 硫酸塩・Fe(III)還元を伴う嫌気的トルエン分解微生物群集の構造解析 (2016)
  • Author(s): 佃 怜奈, 牧 大智, 高見澤 一裕, 中村 浩平
  • Organizer: 日本微生物生態学会
  • Place of Presentation: 横須賀
• [Presentation] n-アルカン分解メタン生成培養系の群集構造解析 (2015)
  • Author(s): 山田 大之, 藤岡 大地, 新里 尚也, 齋藤 星耕, 青山 洋昭, 高見澤 一裕, 中村 浩平
  • Organizer: 日本微生物生態学会
  • Place of Presentation: 土浦
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-19
• [Presentation] Prokaryotic Diversity in Alkane-oxidizing Methanogenic Community From Production Water of Oil and Gas Seep (2015)
  • Author(s): Kohei Nakamura, Masayuki Yamada, Daichi Fujioka, Kazuhiro Takatnizawa, Naoya Shinzato, Seikoh Saitoh, Hiroaki Aoyama
  • Organizer: The International Kasetsart University Science and Technology Annual Research Synposium 2015
  • Place of Presentation: Bangkok (Thailand)
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-28
  • Int'l Joint Research