Study of placenta releasing mechanism in cows and its practical application.

Research Project

Project/Area Number	15K07700
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Research Field	Animal production science
Research Institution	National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Principal Investigator	KAMADA HACHIRO 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 畜産研究部門, 主席研究員 (70360443)
Project Period (FY)	2015-04-01 – 2018-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2017)
Budget Amount *help	¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000) Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000) Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000) Fiscal Year 2015: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
Keywords	ウシ / 胎盤 / オキソアラキドン酸 / 栄養膜細胞 / 胎盤剥離 / 乳牛 / 重層構造
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The response of trophoblast cells derived from bovine blastocyst against 12-KETE (a candidate of signal for placenta release at delivery) was investigated. Addition of 12-KETE (40μM) to the cell colony of trophoblast induced a rapid exfoliation into a cell sheet. In this process, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation and apoptosis induction were observed. These results are consistent with in vivo observations, and strongly support the idea that 12-KETE is a placenta releasing signal. On the other hand, a low concentration (５-10μM) of 12-KETE addition induced a spheronization and subsequent floating of trophoblast. This reaction was suppressed by protease inhibitor. Activation of protease by low 12-KETE may propose the new idea on the placenta releasing mechanism at delivery.