| Project/Area Number |
16310038
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Risk sciences of radiation/Chemicals
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| Research Institution | Shizuoka University |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMAUCHI Kiyoshi Shizuoka University, faculty of Science, Professor (50201827)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
ISHIHARA Akinori Shizuoka University, Faculty of science, Assistant Professor (70432193)
TAKADA Hideshige Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technoloy, Faculty of Agriculture, Associate Professor (70187970)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥11,840,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥5,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,900,000)
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| Keywords | environmental pollutants / thyroid hormone / endocrine disruption / bioassay / 環境ホルモン / 受容体 |
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| Research Abstract |
In vertebrates, thyroid hormones are essential for post-embryonic development, such as establishing the central nervous system in mammals and metamorphosis in amphibians. The present study focused on the extra-thyroidal processes that environmental chemicals are known to or suspected to target in the thyroid hormone-signaling pathway. We developed three in vitro and one in vivo bioassays, which detect chemicals interfering with thyroid hormone binding to plasma transthyretin (TTR assay), thyroid hormone binding to nuclear receptor (TR assay), induction of thyroid hormone-dependent reporter gene expression (Luc assay, and gene expression during thyroid hormone-induced amphibian metamorphosis (metamorphosis assay). Several organohalogens affect different aspects of the extra-thyroidal thyroid-hormone-signaling pathway but hardly affect thyroid hormone binding to receptors. Amphibian tadpoles are most sensitive to the effects of environmental chemicals during specific thyroid-hormone-related developmental windows. The thyroid hormone-disrupting activity of contaminants in aquatic environments in Japan and Thailand was surveyed by these bioassays. Our assays demonstrated that wastewater treatment effectively removed the TH-disrupting contaminants from wastewater in paper manufacturing plants and sewage-treatment plants. The Luc assay indicated that sewage-treatment plant effluents in Japan contained Ta-like activity whereas that in Thailand contained anti-Ta-like activity. It is likely that the three in vitro bioassays detected the same or different contaminants with TH-disrupting activity in a water sample-dependent manner. Our results indicate that a combination of several in vitro bioassays facilitates the rapid screening of environmental water samples to identify the locations of contaminants with TH-disrupting activity.
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