| Project/Area Number |
16370008
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Section | 一般 |
|---|
| Research Field |
Ecology/Environment
|
|---|
| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
NISHIMURA Kinya Hokkaido University, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Associate Professor (30222186)
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MORI Tsukasa Nihon University, Faculty of BioResources, Associate Professor (60241379)
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
|
| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
|
| Budget Amount *help |
¥12,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥8,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
|
|---|
| Keywords | Phenotypic Plasticity / Inducible Defenses / Phenotype Development / Rana piricn / Geographical Isolation / Predation / Natural Selection / 遺伝子の引き算 / DNAマイクロアレー |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
Anuran tadoles of Rana pirica, and salamander larvae of Hynobius retardatus are the founders of the ponds community that are formed in forests peripheral in Hokkaido in spring. The salamander larvae become a broad headed morph in the larval developmental period in certain condition. Larval salamanders having a broad headed-morph are a strong predator that has an ability to swallow conspecific larvae and tadpoles with a large gape size. The broad-headed morph is considered as an adaptive phenotypic plasticity. The tadpoles also exhibit a phenotypic plasticity. The tadpoles develop a bulgy body when they are exposed to the predation risk of the larval salamanders. The bulginess prohibits being swallowed by the salamanders having a large gape. The plasticity of larval salamander, bread-head, and of tadpole, bulgy body, are considered as antagonistic coevolution of predator-prey interaction.
The tadpoles exhibit the other type of inducible defense morphology to the other predator species in the community. Dragon fly larvae are one of the commonest predator species in the pond community. The tadpoles develop higher tail morphology when they are exposed to the predation risk of the dragon fly larvae. Tadpoles of R. pirica have two types of inducible defense morphologies. One is the specialist type inducible morphology to the predation risk of the larval salamander, and the other on is the generalist type one to the various other predator species in the pond community.
|
