| Project/Area Number |
16401014
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
Archaeology
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
NISHIDAKI Yoshihiro The University of Tokyo, University Museum, Professor (70256197)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
YOSHIDA Kunio The University of Tokyo, Univarsity Museum, Associate Professor (10272527)
OGUCHI Takashi The University of Tokyo, Center for Spatial Information Science, Associate Professor (80221852)
KASHIMA Kaoru Kyushu University, Faculty of Sciences, Associate Professor (90192533)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥13,790,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥3,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000)
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| Keywords | Unner Mesonotamia / Neolithic / domestication / lithic industry / Anatolia / female figurine / PPNB / oldest pottery / メソポタミア / ハブール平原 / 黒曜石 / 日干し煉瓦 / 古環境 / 土器製作開始 / 年代測定 / 古気候 / テル・セクル・アル・アヘイマル |
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| Research Abstract |
This project investigated the origins and development of the early farming society in Upper Mesopotamia. The primary data for this research was obtained through the excavations at Tell Seker al-Aheimar in northeast Syria, which is one of the oldest farming settlements known in Upper Mesopotamia. The 2004-2007 excavations yielded stratified evidence on the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) to the Proto-Hassuna phase of the Pottery Neolithic, derived from the late 8th to the mid 7th millennium BC. Some of the major results of the research are as follows. (1) The architecture and the lithic technology indicate that the first, PPNB occupants at the site shared a cultural tradition with the PPNB communities of the southeast Anatolia. (2) Their subsistence was mainly based on cereal and animal domestication, along with additional hunting of medium-sized animals such as gazelles. (3) The abundant radiocarbon dates from the stratified deposits firmly dated the beginning of the pottery use in this
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region to ca. 6900/6800 BC. (4) The oldest pottery discovered at Seker al-Aheimar exhibited previously unknown features, which led to proposal of a new Pottery Neolithic entity in Upper Mesopotamia, or "Pre" Proto-Hassuna. The common use of mineral tempering and the very rare occurrences of the pottery in each level shed light on the functional role of pottery at the earliest stage of the Pottery Neolithic period. (5) One of the evidences indicating a change in symbolic aspects from the PPNB to the Pottery Neolithic was the rapid increase of clay female figurines. The clay objects from Tell Seker al-Aheimar included a gigantic, extremely sophisticated clay female figurine, which provided us with a new dimension to discuss the symbolic behaviors of the PPNB/ Pottery Neolithic interface period. (6) In order to reconstruct paleo-climate, a core-drilling investigation was conducted in a nearby swamp, Lake Hattonyieh. The results of diatom and pollen analyses for the early Holocene samples suggest a major climatic change in the 7th millennium BC, which might have triggered socio-economic change during the Pottery Neolithic. Less
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