| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
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| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of pressure on the psychological, physiological, and behavioral aspects of a single-joint movement task. Participants (N=19) moved an arm lever in an attempt to produce a goal spatio-temporal movement pattern. All participants performed 80 acquisition trials followed by 10 test trials under pressure, which was induced by informing them to give a money reward or an electric stimulus contingent on their performance. A state-trait anxiety inventory and a questionnaire about the focus of attention were used as psychological indices. Heart rate, Chromogranin A, and electoromiography were used as physiological indices. A root mean squared error (RMSE) and kinematics, such as relative timing, relative acceleration, relative displacement, absolute timing, absolute acceleration, and absolute displacement were used as behavioral indices. The state anxiety score increased under pressure (p<.01) and the physiological indices did not change. Performance deteriorated under pressure as RMSE increased from the last phase of acquisition to the test (p<.01). Total variability (E) of relative acceleration (p<.01), E of absolute acceleration (p<.05), and E of absolute displacement showed significant change from the acquisition to the test, suggesting that control of force and movement amplitude were more influenced by pressure than control of timing. Furthermore, constant error (CE) of absolute displacement of all participants decreased under pressure, suggesting that movement amplitude became smaller under pressure.
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