| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
1. The Hope questionnaire was administered to elementary school, junior high school, and high school students in Japan, China, and the United States. The following results were found:
(1) In Japan. Self-Trust predicted Hope and the Hope led to Tolerance for Human Diversity.
(2) In China, Mutual Trust predicted Hope and the Hope led to Request to Harmony.
(3) In the United States, Hope predicted Mutual Trust and the Mutual Trust led to Tolerance for Human Diversity.
2. According to the survey of everyday life of elementary and junior high school students in the depopulated areas, playing in nature and helping their parents were related to their personal trust and hope in future.
3. Research among the higher grade students in an elementary school showed that hope raised their motivation for self-improvement and had positive effects on their interpersonal relationships through increased motivation for self-improvement.
4. The usual hope concept was reexamined and a new concept of hope, namely, that composed of the feelings of delight, brightness, and warmth toward future, was imported. According to the survey of university students, feelings of security toward self and others, which were positively related to self-esteem and negatively related to social comparison, had positive effects on the hope.
5. These findings were presented at academic meetings such as International Congress of Psychology, International Congress of Applied Psychology, and Japanese Congress of Psychology.
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