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Improvement of Piano Tuning in Music Education---Using Classical Temperaments instead of 12 Equal Temperament

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16530600
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Education on school subjects and activities
Research InstitutionEhime University

Principal Investigator

KISHI Keiko  Ehime University, Faculty of Education, Professor, 教育学部, 教授 (40036489)

Project Period (FY) 2004 – 2006
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
Budget Amount *help
¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Keywords12 equal temperament / Pytagorean temperament / Syntonic comma / Varotti-Young temperament / Stretch of piano tuning / beats / overtone / major 3rd / ピアノ調律曲線 / 調整5度 / 純正完全5度 / 調律法 / 12等分平均律 / ヴェルクマイスター第3法1 / バッハ音律 / 純正音程 / スキスマ / シントニック・コンマ / 音律 / ヴェルクマイスター第3法 / 長短調
Research Abstract

12 equal temperament has 400 cent major 3rd witch is 14 cent higher than pure major 3rd and sounds unmusically with noisy beats. In this research to improve major triads of the modern keyboard tuning, Young temperament is introduced as the best of the classical others, after the theoretical consideration and comparative hearing tests of the 6 classical temperaments such as Pytagorean, meantone, Werkmaister, Kirnberger, Bach-Lehmann and Varotti-Young temperaments. The difficulty of modern keyboard instruments to tune in classical temperament is inharmonicity of the piano strings. The pitch of the fundamental tone does not strictly coincide with the 2^<nd> overtone of the lower octave and the difference of the frequency of the theoretically same notes brings uncomfortable beats. After many trials the piano was successfully tuned in Young temperament with minimum octave stretch. The Young triad on the piano sounds harmonically and varies its color according to the change of tonality. The number of beats per second of every 4^<th> and 5^<th> intervals in the fundamental tuning octave and overtone cent rate (including inharmonicity), of Al to the highest A7 are showed in the tables.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2006 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2005 Annual Research Report
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All 2007 2006 2005

All Journal Article (11 results) Book (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] JAPAHARINET2007

    • Author(s)
      Keiko KISHI
    • Journal Title

      Creative SOPHIA in EHIME(EHIME SHINBUN COMPANY) 171-204

      Pages: 1-414

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 音律の検討III2006

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子
    • Journal Title

      愛媛大学教育学部紀要 53

      Pages: 149-161

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] TEMPERAMENT2006

    • Author(s)
      Keiko KISHI
    • Journal Title

      Bulletin of Faculty of Education, Ehime University vol.53

      Pages: 149-161

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Das Wohltemperierte Klavier in Lehman-BACH Temperament2006

    • Author(s)
      Keiko KISHI
    • Journal Title

      Cultural Actualities of Ehime(Seed Press Company) 162-172

      Pages: 1-272

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 音律の検討III--12等分平均律、バッハ音律、ヴェルクマイスター音律、ヤング6分の1音律における響きの相違2006

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子
    • Journal Title

      愛媛大学教育学部紀要 53巻1号

      Pages: 149-160

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 小中学校のピアノ音律への不等分平均律導入の試み2005

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子
    • Journal Title

      愛媛大学教育学部付属教育実践センター紀要 23巻

      Pages: 55-68

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 音律研究II-3和音の理論的考察、判定、聴取実験2005

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子, 城戸 透
    • Journal Title

      愛媛大学教育学部紀要 52

      Pages: 265-278

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Toru KIDO Classical Piano Tunings2005

    • Author(s)
      Keiko KISHI
    • Journal Title

      Bulletin of Faculty of Education, Ehime University vol.52-1

      Pages: 265-278

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] To Introduce Classical Temperament in Music Education2005

    • Author(s)
      Keiko KISHI
    • Journal Title

      Bulletin of Educational Center, Ehime University vol23

      Pages: 55-68

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 小・中学校ピアノ音律への不等分平均律(複合純正律)導入の試み-最適音律選定のための理論的考察-2005

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子
    • Journal Title

      愛媛大学教育学部実践総合センター紀要 23号

      Pages: 55-68

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 小・中学校ピアノ音律への不等分平均律導入の試みII-3和音の理論的考察、判定、聴取実験-2005

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子, 城戸 透
    • Journal Title

      愛媛大学教育学部紀要 52巻第1号

      Pages: 265-278

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] えひめ 知の創造-愛媛大学の挑戦 ジャパハリネット2007

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子
    • Publisher
      愛媛新聞社
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] バッハ音律で聴くバッハのプレリュードとフーガ地域文化のアクチュアリティ-愛媛からの発信2006

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子
    • Publisher
      シード書房
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2006 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] 地域文化のアクチュアリティ-愛媛からの発信2006

    • Author(s)
      岸 啓子(分担執筆)
    • Publisher
      シード書房
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2004-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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