| Project/Area Number |
16592036
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Orthodontic/Pediatric dentistry
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
MITOME Masato Hokkaido Univ., Hokkaido University Hospital, Lec., 病院, 講師 (50261318)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NAKAMURA Wataru Hokkaido Univ., Hokkaido University Hospital, Instr., 助手 (60372257)
SHIRAKAWA Tetsuo Hokkaido Univ., Hokkaido University Hospital, Asso.Prof., 助教授 (00187527)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2005
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000)
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| Keywords | tooth / dental pulp / stem cell / neurogenesis / hippocampus / dentate gyrus / mastication / 乳歯 / 歯髄幹細胞 / 神経幹細胞 / 分化転換 / 移植 / 多分化能 / 海馬歯状回 |
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| Research Abstract |
We examined exfoliated human deciduous teeth containing multipotent stem cells [stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)]. First, pulp cells were harvested from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, propagated in culture with growth factors, and injected into the forebrain ventricles of individual embryos. Initial data indicate that such cells can incorporate within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and appear to differentiate into astroglial phenotypes. Second, pulp cells of deciduous teeth were transplanted into postnatal mouse brain. Cells were found in the corpus callosum and granule cell layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, but most of these cells died.
We examined the effects of soft food and tooth loss on neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus in order to understand the environmental conditions leading to the survived of these cells. Four-week-old mice were subjected to a powder diet for 10 weeks with or without removal of molars. They received a daily injection of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) at 14 weeks of age for 12 consecutive days. The number of BrdU-positive cells in the dentate gyrus of these mice did not differ from that of control at 1 day after the last BrdU injection. However, the BrdU-positive cells in these mice showed a larger reduction in number than in control at 5 weeks after the BrdU injection and the ratio of neurons to BrdU-positive cells decreased in the molarless mice. These results suggest that mastication influences the survival of newly generated cells in the adult dentate gyrus.
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