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触媒アミノ酸を置換した酵素が、発揮する新たな機能とその応用

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16658136
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Applied molecular and cellular biology
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

木村 淳夫  北海道大学, 大学院・農学研究科, 教授 (90186312)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 森 春英  北海道大学, 大学院・農学研究科, 助教授 (80241363)
奥山 正幸  北海道大学, 大学院・農学研究科, 助手 (00344490)
Project Period (FY) 2004 – 2005
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000)
Keywords触媒残基変異 / システイン酸化 / オリゴ糖合成
Research Abstract

糖質の加水分解酵素は、2つの酸性アミノ酸(AspやGlu)を触媒残基とし、それぞれが-COO^-と-COOHの荷電状態を形成し、協奏的に加水分解を触媒する。応用性の高い糖転移作用も示すが、分解と転移は2つの酸性アミノ酸でなされ分割できない。最近、α-グルコシダーゼにある-COO^-型の触媒基であるAspをCysに置換した。本酵素(Asp→Cys)には活性はないが、温和な酸化で活性を発揮した。Cysの-SHが酸化され-SOOHとなり、活性中心内で-SOO^-に解離し-COO^-の代わりを行うと考えている。この酵素は分解能を失い、糖転移能が上昇し95%の収率を与えた。本研究の目的は、-SOO^-酵素に見出された「非分解・高転移」の現象を解析することである。具体的には、1)酸化したCys残基の構造決定、2)糖転移反応の解析、3)他の酵素を合成酵素にする先駆けとして、触媒基を-SOO^-にした糖質酵素の構築と機帯解析、である。計画は順調に進行し、1)と2)が完了した。本年度は、この現象の応用を図るために3)の課題を中心に研究を進行させた。レバン合成酵素とキチン分解酵素を取り上げ、触媒残基をCysに置換し、酸化処理を行った。両酵素のCys変異体には活性がなかったが、穏やかな酸化により活性が回復した。導入したSH基が-SOOHに変化したことを確認した。Cys酸化酵素は、親酵素と異なる性質を示した(レバン合成酵素:至適pHや転移作用の変化、キチン分解酵素:至適pHや協同性の変化)。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2005 Annual Research Report
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (27 results)

All 2006 2005 2004

All Journal Article (22 results) Book (3 results) Patent(Industrial Property Rights) (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Plant α-glucosidase : Molecular analysis of riceα-glucosidase and degradation mechanism of starch granule in germination stage2006

    • Author(s)
      H.Nakai
    • Journal Title

      J.Appl.Glycosci. 53・2(in press)

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Structural elements in dextran glucosidase responsible for high specificity to long chain substrate2006

    • Author(s)
      W.Saburi
    • Journal Title

      Biochim.Biophys.Acta (in press)

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Structural elements to convert α-xylosidase into α-glucosidase2006

    • Author(s)
      M.Okuyama
    • Journal Title

      FEBS Lett. (in press)

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Cloning and expression of levansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC in Escherichia coli2005

    • Author(s)
      H.-K.Kang
    • Journal Title

      Biochim.Biophys.Acta 1727・1

      Pages: 5-15

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of α-xylosidase from Escherichia coli2005

    • Author(s)
      M.Kitamura
    • Journal Title

      Acta Cryst.F. 61・2

      Pages: 178-179

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Aglycon specificity profiling of α-glucosidases using synthetic probes2005

    • Author(s)
      W.Hakamata
    • Journal Title

      Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett. 15・5

      Pages: 1489-1492

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Purification and characterization of hyper-glycosylated α-gluco-sidase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe culture medium2005

    • Author(s)
      M.Okuyama
    • Journal Title

      Enzyme Microb.Technol. 35・5

      Pages: 472-480

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Molecular analysis of α-glucosidase (GH-family 31)2005

    • Author(s)
      H.Nakai
    • Journal Title

      Biologia 61・S16

      Pages: 131-135

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Glucoamylase originating from Schwanniomyces occidentalis is a typical α-glucosidase2005

    • Author(s)
      F.Sato
    • Journal Title

      Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem. 69・10

      Pages: 1905-1913

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Involvement of individual subsites and secondary substrate binding sites in multiple attack on amylose by Barley α-amylase2005

    • Author(s)
      B.Kramhoft
    • Journal Title

      Biochemistry 44・6

      Pages: 1824-1832

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Oligosaccharide binding to barley α-amylase 12005

    • Author(s)
      X.Robert
    • Journal Title

      J.Biol.Chem. 280・38

      Pages: 32968-32978

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Enzymatic synthesis of α-2-glucosides by alcohols resistant α-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger2005

    • Author(s)
      Y.-M.Kim
    • Journal Title

      Tetrahedron : Asymmetry 16

      Pages: 403-409

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Molecular analysis of α-glucosidase (GH-family 31)2005

    • Author(s)
      H.Nakai
    • Journal Title

      Biologia 60(in press)

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Purification and Characterization of Hyper-glycosylated α-Glucosidase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe culture medium2005

    • Author(s)
      Okuyama M.
    • Journal Title

      Enzyme Microbial.Technol. (in press)

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Two potent competitive inhibitors discriminating α-glucosidase family I from family II2004

    • Author(s)
      A.Kimura
    • Journal Title

      Carbohydr.Res. 339・6

      Pages: 1035-1040

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Indentification of amino acids residues for key role in dextransucrase activity of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-742CB2004

    • Author(s)
      H.-J.Ryu
    • Journal Title

      J.Microbiol.Biotechnol. 14・5

      Pages: 1075-1080

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Purification and Characterization of Acremonium implicatum α-Glucosidase Having High Regioselectivety for α-1,3-Glucosidic Linkage2004

    • Author(s)
      T.Yamamoto
    • Journal Title

      Biochim.Biophys.Acta 1700・2

      Pages: 189-198

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Overexpression and characterization of two unknown proteins, YicI and YihQ, originated from Escherichia coli2004

    • Author(s)
      Okuyama M
    • Journal Title

      Pro.Expres.Purif. 37

      Pages: 170-179

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Localization of α-glucosidases I, II, and III in organs of Europian honeybee, Apis mellifera L., and origin of α-glucosidase in honey2004

    • Author(s)
      M.Kubota
    • Journal Title

      Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem. 68・11

      Pages: 2346-2352

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Cloning and expression of levansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC in Escherichia coli2004

    • Author(s)
      F.K.Kang
    • Journal Title

      Biochim.Biophys.Acta 1727・1

      Pages: 5-15

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Isolation and characterization of cDNA encoding P-19.5 protein accumulated preferentially at early stage of carrot somatic embryogenesis2004

    • Author(s)
      T.Sano
    • Journal Title

      Plant Sci. 167

      Pages: 1211-1217

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] オオムギα-アミラーゼの基質認識のメカニズムを探る2004

    • Author(s)
      森 春英
    • Journal Title

      化学と生物 42・3

      Pages: 170-177

    • NAID

      10012135946

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] α-グルコシダーゼ,"廣川タンパク質化学第4巻酵素4.3ヒドロラーゼ[II]"2004

    • Author(s)
      木村淳夫
    • Total Pages
      11
    • Publisher
      廣川書店
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] β-グルコシダーゼ,"廣川タンパク質化学第4巻酵素4.3ヒドロラーゼ[II]"2004

    • Author(s)
      福田健二
    • Total Pages
      8
    • Publisher
      廣川書店
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 6-ホスホβ-グルコシダーゼ,"廣川タンパク質化学第4巻酵素4.3ヒドロラーゼ[II]"2004

    • Author(s)
      木村淳夫
    • Total Pages
      8
    • Publisher
      廣川書店
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] デキストラン生成酵素遺伝子、デキストラン生成酵素およびその製造方法、デキストランの製造方法2005

    • Inventor(s)
      木村淳夫
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      北海道大学, 日本食品化工株式会社
    • Filing Date
      2005-12-06
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] アノマー保持型糖加水分解酵素変異体及びその製造方法2004

    • Inventor(s)
      佐分利 亘
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      小川 浩一
    • Filing Date
      2004-03-04
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2004-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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