| Budget Amount *help |
¥42,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥32,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,780,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥9,490,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,190,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥10,270,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,370,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥11,440,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,640,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study emphasizes a "two-layer model” for eastern Eurasian anatomically modern human (AMH), based on cranial morphometric and genome data including findings from ancient archaeological contexts. Results suggest that an initial “first layer” of AMH had related closely to ancestral Andaman, Australian, Papuan and Jomon groups who likely entered this region via the Southeast Asian landmass. A later “second layer” shared strong cranial affinities with Siberians, implying a Northeast Asian source, in central China and then followed by expansions of descendant groups into Southeast Asia after Neolithic period. These two populations shared limited initial exchange, and the second layer grew at a faster rate and in greater numbers, linked with contexts of farming that may have supported increased population densities. Clear dichotomization between the two layers implies a temporally deep divergence of distinct migration routes for AMH through both southern and northern Eurasia.
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