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Species and functional diversity loss in paddy fields around a megacity

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16H02993
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Environmental and ecological symbiosis
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

Ushimaru Atushi  神戸大学, 人間発達環境学研究科, 教授 (70399327)

Research Collaborator YAMAMOTO Satoshi  
Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥12,610,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,910,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥5,720,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,320,000)
Keywords都市化 / 生物多様性 / 水田畦畔 / 植物 / 植食性昆虫 / 機能的多様性 / 生態系機能 / ネットワーク / 多様性減少 / 植食生昆虫 / 多様性 / 送粉者 / 都市生態学
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The study examined the impacts of urbanization on semi-natural grassland plant and herbivore diversity and interactions within paddy ecosystems around a megacity area, the Osaka-Kobe metropolitan area, one of the Monsoon Asian megacities. We found that both plant and herbivore diversity decreased by habitat loss, fragmentation, split and degradation owing to urbanization in this area. Changes in soil pH facilitated the establishment of native and exotic annual plants in urbanized semi-natural grasslands. Habitat fragmentation, split, and degradation have decreased perennial species richness, leading to loss of some butterflies and orthopterans. Plant-pollinator networks of more urbanized grasslands had lower plant and pollinator richness and were more generalized than those of rural grasslands. Thus, urbanization has decreased biodiversity and the ecosystem functions in very species-rich paddy ecosystems in the Monsoon Asian region.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

モンスーンアジア地域では、都市開発が進行する平野部は元々広範囲に水田利用されてきた。そのため都市化は高い生物多様性を涵養する水田生態系へ多大な影響を与えてきたと考えられるが、その影響の定量的評価はこれまでなされてなかった。本研究は、メガシティでありながら、未だに都市部に残存する水田が見られる阪神地区を調べ、都市化は残った水田生態系の生物多様性やその生態系機能を低下させてしまっていることを明らかにした。モンスーンアジア域では、今後、人口や範囲が拡大する都市が多く存在している。そのような都市が、今後、生物多様性と共生する都市となるために役立てられる知見を多く得ることができた。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All 2019 2018 2017

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results) Presentation (6 results) Book (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Urbanization promotes the loss of seasonal dynamics in the semi-natural grasslands of an East Asian megacity2018

    • Author(s)
      Uchida K, Fujimoto H and Ushimaru A
    • Journal Title

      Basic and Applied Ecology

      Volume: 29 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.baae.2018.03.009

    • NAID

      120006734912

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Low functional diversity promotes niche changes in natural island pollinator communities.2017

    • Author(s)
      Hiraiwa MK and Ushimaru A
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the Royal Society B

      Volume: 284 Issue: 1846 Pages: 20162218-20162218

    • DOI

      10.1098/rspb.2016.2218

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] 都市化は植物の機能形質を変化させるか?阪神地区の水田における検証2019

    • Author(s)
      中田泰地、丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      第66回日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 都市化による植物群集の花色組成変化2019

    • Author(s)
      田中奎佑、平岩将良、清水健将、中田泰地、丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      第66回日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 送粉ネットワークのジェネラリスト化による送粉機能への影響ー都市と島の生態系を例に2019

    • Author(s)
      平岩将良、清水健将、丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      第66回日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 都市化による種多様性減少は送粉ネットワークのジェネラリスト化を促進するのか?2018

    • Author(s)
      丑丸敦史, 清水健将, 平岩将良
    • Organizer
      第65回に本生態学会大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 都市化により植物群集の繁殖成功は低下するのか?ー開花量減少と送粉者相変化の影響ー2018

    • Author(s)
      平岩将良, 清水健将, 丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      第65回に本生態学会大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 都市化による機能群多様性の減少が植物‐送粉者ネットワークに与える影響2017

    • Author(s)
      清水健将, 平岩将良, 丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      第64回日本生態学会大会
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 畦の上の草原-里草地. 須賀丈・岡本透・丑丸敦史編著「草地と日本人:縄文人からつづく草地利用と生態系」(増補版)2019

    • Author(s)
      丑丸敦史
    • Total Pages
      53
    • Publisher
      築地書館
    • ISBN
      9784806715764
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 水田畦畔草地の生物多様性 山口裕文監修 宮浦理恵・松嶋賢一・下野嘉子編「雑草学入門」.2018

    • Author(s)
      丑丸敦史
    • Total Pages
      12
    • Publisher
      講談社
    • ISBN
      9784065129524
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Grassland biodiversity in Japan: threats, management and conservation. 印刷中. in Squires VR, Dengler J, Feng H & Hua L (eds.) 2018. Grasslands of the world: diversity, management and conservation2018

    • Author(s)
      Ushimaru A, Uchida K and Suka T
    • Total Pages
      22
    • Publisher
      CRC Press, Boca Raton, US.
    • ISBN
      9781498796262
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2020-03-30  

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