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Influence of smoke concentration on evacuation speed in case of fire in tunnel and improvement of accuracy of evaluation simulator

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16H03122
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Social systems engineering/Safety system
Research InstitutionKanazawa University

Principal Investigator

KAWABATA NOBUYOSHI  金沢大学, その他部局等, 名誉教授 (90126631)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 長谷川 雅人  金沢大学, 機械工学系, 助教 (40324107)
清家 美帆  富山県立大学, 工学部, 助教 (70757244)
Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,780,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥5,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥6,890,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,590,000)
Keywordsトンネル火災 / 避難実験 / 熱気流 / 水噴霧 / シミュレーション / 道路トンネル / 火災 / 避難シミュレーション / 煙 / 流体工学 / 避難行動 / 避難速度 / 避難弱者 / 煙濃度 / 防災 / 消防
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Tunnel fire smoke flow simulators are almost developed, but there are many unexplained points about the behavior of smoke affected refugees. In this study, in order to obtain basic data for the evacuation behavior simulator, we conducted a subject experiment on evacuation speed in various situations in smoke, and clarified probability density distribution etc.
Although water spray equipment is a characteristic emergency equipment for road tunnels in Japan, verification by comparison with experiments has hardly been done. In this study, modeling of momentum, heat, and mass exchange between water droplets and air was newly incorporated, and a simulator with high quantitative prediction accuracy was developed in comparison with model test results.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

学術的意義としては、火災時に煙に暴露された避難者の行動について被験者による実験を行い、様々な状況における避難速度などの基礎的データの収集を行ったことにある。建築火災における避難者行動は狭い出口に避難者が集中し流動係数が極端に低下する現象が支配的であるが、トンネル火災では避難距離が長く避難者が極端に集中することはないが、煙に暴露されて避難速度が低下する可能性が高く、煙濃度による避難速度低下の解明が重要である。
本研究の成果により道路トンネル火災時の対応についてより正確に把握することができ、公共交通の安全性の向上に寄与できることが社会的意義である。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All 2018 2017 2016 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (24 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 20 results,  Invited: 1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] 台湾・中央警察大学/新北市政府消防局/高雄市政府消防局(その他の国・地域・台湾)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] 中央警察大学(台湾)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Evacuation speed in full-scale darkened tunnel filled with smoke2017

    • Author(s)
      Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa
    • Journal Title

      Fire Safety Journal, Special Issue

      Volume: 91 Pages: 901-907

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.04.034

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Quantitative assessment method for road tunnel fire safety -Development of an evacuation simulation method using CFD-derived smoke behavior-2017

    • Author(s)
      Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa
    • Journal Title

      Safety Science

      Volume: 94 Pages: 116-127

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.ssci.2017.01.005

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Evacuation speed in full-scale darkened tunnel filled with smoke2017

    • Author(s)
      Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa
    • Journal Title

      Fire Safety Journal

      Volume: Special Issue

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Experimental investigation of walking speed in a full-scale darkened tunnel2018

    • Author(s)
      Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa, Noritada Yamashita, Yung-Chi Lu
    • Organizer
      9th International Conference Tunnel Safety and Ventilation - New Developments in Tunnel Safety -
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Influence of Stationary Vehicles upon Thermal-fume-backlayering Length in Tunnel Fires2018

    • Author(s)
      Yu-Tsung Ho, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      The 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Time gaps for passing through bus exits in tunnel fires by an experimental evacuation and ordinary use2018

    • Author(s)
      Hung-Chieh Chung, Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      The 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Model-Scale Fire Experiments and Simulations of a Tunnel with Point-Extraction Ventilation2018

    • Author(s)
      Ti-Sheng Huang, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Futoshi Tanaka, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      The 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Small Scale Test of Numerical Simulation for Spray Cooling2018

    • Author(s)
      Masato Hasegawa, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Hao-Yu Dai, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      The 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Quantitative assessment for road tunnel fire safety (behavior of smoke and evacuees)2018

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike
    • Organizer
      The 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] EvacuationSpeed In Full-Scale Darkened Tunnel Filled With Smoke2017

    • Author(s)
      MihoSeike, NobuyoshiKawabata, Masato Hasegawa
    • Organizer
      Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Evacuation Speed Experiments in Smoke Filled Tunnel2017

    • Author(s)
      Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Numerical Simulation for Evaluating Emergency Ventilation Strategies on Evacuation Safety During Fire Accident in Road Tunnels with Large Cross Section2017

    • Author(s)
      Ti-Sheng Huang, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Experimental Study on Bus Incidents Evacuation Time Evaluation2017

    • Author(s)
      Hung-Chieh Chung, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A study of Fire Safety Assessment for Kaohsiung Cross-Harbor Tunnel Motorcycle Lane2017

    • Author(s)
      Cheng-Chung Cheng, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Influence of Congestion to Smoke’s Behavior of Longitudinal Ventilation2017

    • Author(s)
      Yu-Tsung Ho, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Influence of Vehicles and Slope on Longitudinal Ventilation Zero-flow Control in Tunnel Fires2017

    • Author(s)
      Po-Wei, Tung, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Experimental Study of Normal Walking Speed in Full Scale Road Tunnel2017

    • Author(s)
      Li-Yu Chen, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Noritada Yamashita, Taisuke Kobayashi, Hisashi Nakano, Shen-Wen Chien,
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Influence of Longitudinal Inclination on Backlayering Characteristics of Thermal Fume in Tunnel Fires2017

    • Author(s)
      Huei-Ru Hsieh, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Tzu-Sheng Shen
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Numerical Analysis of Water Cannon Discharge2017

    • Author(s)
      Hao-Yu Dai, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa, Miho Seike, Shen-Wen Chien
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Scale Model Tunnel Fire Experiments for Thermal Fume Stopping Effect by Smoke Barrier2017

    • Author(s)
      Taisuke Kobayashi, Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Experimental Investigation for Evacuation Speed Curve in Smoke Filled Tunnel2017

    • Author(s)
      Noritada Yamashita, Taisuke Kobayashi, Hisashi Nakano,Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Acoustic Approach of the Incident Detections in Tunnels2017

    • Author(s)
      Eiji Mori, Nobuyoshi Kawabata
    • Organizer
      8th Japan/Korea/Taiwan International Joint Seminar Tunnel Fire Safety and Management
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Experimental Analysis of Human Evacuation from Bus Fire2016

    • Author(s)
      Hung-Chieh Chung, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Miho Seike, Masato Hasegawa, Shen-Wen Chien, Keiichiro Orito
    • Organizer
      Fires in Vehicles- FIVE 2016
    • Place of Presentation
      Baltimore(USA)
    • Year and Date
      2016-10-05
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 煙中トンネル避難実験による避難速度曲線2016

    • Author(s)
      小林泰輔,清家美帆,川端信義,長谷川雅人
    • Organizer
      日本機械学会2016年度年次大会
    • Place of Presentation
      福岡・九州大学伊都キャンパス
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-11
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] トンネル火災時の煙中の避難歩行速度に関する誘導灯設置効果2016

    • Author(s)
      吉岡真敬,長谷川雅人,川端信義,清家美帆
    • Organizer
      日本機械学会2016年度年次大会
    • Place of Presentation
      福岡・九州大学伊都キャンパス
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-11
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Evacuation speed distribution in smoke filled full-scale tunnel experiments2016

    • Author(s)
      Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata, Masato Hasegawa, Yung-Chi Lu
    • Organizer
      8th International Conference Tunnel Safety and Ventilation - New Developments in Tunnel Safety -
    • Place of Presentation
      Graz(Austria)
    • Year and Date
      2016-04-25
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Effectiveness of smoke extraction with semi-transverse ventilation systems in short road tunnel2016

    • Author(s)
      Yasuhiro Mikame, Miho Seike, Nobuyoshi Kawabata
    • Organizer
      8th International Conference Tunnel Safety and Ventilation - New Developments in Tunnel Safety -
    • Place of Presentation
      Graz(Austria)
    • Year and Date
      2016-04-25
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2022-08-26  

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