Updating Five Dimensions of Situation Models During EFL Reading: An Eye-Tracking Study

• Project/Area Number: 16H03439
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Foreign language education
• Research Institution: University of Tsukuba
• Principal Investigator: USHIRO Yuji 筑波大学, 人文社会系, 教授 (60271722)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 星野 由子 秀明大学, 学校教師学部, 准教授 (80548735) ; 清水 遥 東北学院大学, 文学部, 准教授 (20646905) ; 高木 修一 福島大学, 人間発達文化学類, 准教授 (20707773) ; 名畑目 真吾 共栄大学, 教育学部, 講師 (60756146) ; 長谷川 佑介 上越教育大学, 大学院学校教育研究科, 講師 (40758538) ; 木村 雪乃 獨協大学, 法学部, 専任講師 (40779857) ; 濱田 彰 日本大学, 生産工学部, 助教 (50779626) ; 細田 雅也 東京都市大学, 共通教育部, 講師 (00825490) ; 森 好紳 白鴎大学, 教育学部, 講師 (10824170)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥18,720,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,320,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥10,790,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,490,000)
• Keywords: 英語教育 / リーディング / 視線計測 / 文章理解 / 状況モデル / 心理言語学 / 読解指導 / 物語文 / 状況的次元 / 心的表象の更新 / 英文読解

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study investigated whether and how Japanese learners of English understand five situational dimensions (protagonist, intentional, causal, temporal, and spatial dimensions) of narrative texts during reading. Four empirical studies using a self-paced reading and an eye-tracking method revealed that learners have little difficulty understanding the intentional, causal, and temporal dimensions during reading. It was also found that understanding the temporal dimension depends on learners’ L2 reading proficiency and that relevant character information needs to be presented and available to learners for the protagonist dimension to be understood. These findings together suggest that Japanese readers of English understand different situational dimensions to different degrees. Implications are given for instructions and research methods for reading in English as a foreign language.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の学術的意義は，日本語を母語とする英語学習者の読解プロセスを5つの情報の種類（状況的次元）の観点から，視線計測を用いて検証したことにある。従来の研究では人物の特徴のような単一の情報に関する理解を検証していたが，本研究によって因果関係や時間，空間などの情報を含めてその理解度の違いを示すことで，より体系的に読解プロセスを捉えることに成功した。また，学習者の読解を阻害しない視線計測手法により読解プロセスを検証することの重要性も示した。
社会的意義としては，英語学習者が理解しやすいあるいは苦手とする文章情報の種類を明らかにし，それに応じた英文読解指導や援助の方法を提案したことにある。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] How EFL Readers Understand the Protagonist, Causal, and Intentional Links of Narratives: An Eye-Tracking Study (2019)
  • Author(s): Ushiro, Y., Ogiso, T., Hosoda, M., Nahatame, S., Kamimura, K., Sasaki, Y., Kessoku, M., & Sekine, T.
  • Journal Title: ARELE: Annual Review of English Language Education in Japan Volume: 30 Issue: 0 Pages: 161-176
  • DOI: 10.20581/arele.30.0_161
  • NAID: 130007826117
  • ISSN: 1344-8560, 2432-0412
  • Year and Date: 2019-03-31
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Understanding Protagonist, Causal, and Intentional Links During EFL Narrative Reading (2018)
  • Author(s): Ushiro Yuji, Hosoda Masaya, Nahatame, Shingo, Mori Yoshinobu, Suzuki Kentaro, Tada Go, Ogiso Tomoko, Kamimura Kozo, Sasaki Yamato, & Mandokoro Rika
  • Journal Title: ARELE: Annual Review of English Language Education in Japan Volume: 29 Issue: 0 Pages: 81-96
  • DOI: 10.20581/arele.29.0_81
  • NAID: 130007622751
  • ISSN: 1344-8560, 2432-0412
  • Year and Date: 2018-03-31
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Goal-oriented L2 reading processes in maintaining the coherence of narrative comprehension (2018)
  • Author(s): Ushiro, Y., Hamada, A., Mori, Y., Hosoda, M., Tada, G., Kamimura, K., & Okawara, N.
  • Journal Title: JACET Journal Volume: 62
  • NAID: 130007616981
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Supporting the maintenance of global coherence with the situational instruction: Evidence from eye movements during EFL reading (2017)
  • Author(s): Ushiro, Y., Hosoda, M., Mori, Y., Tada, G., Kimura, Y., Tanaka, N., Nakagawa, H., & Amagai, Y.
  • Journal Title: JACET Journal Volume: ６１ Pages: 89-107
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] How do L2 readers monitor intentional coherence during narrative reading?: Evidence from an eye-tracking study (2018)
  • Author(s): Ushiro, Y., Ojima, T., Kawashima, H., Suzuki, S., Mandokoro, R., & Kamimura, K.
  • Organizer: 25th Annual Meeting Society for the Scientific Study of Reading
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 物語文の因果・意図・登場人物に関するつながりの理解 ―視線計測による検証― (2018)
  • Author(s): 卯城祐司・神村幸蔵・小木曽智子・佐々木大和・名畑目真吾・細田雅也・尾島巧・川島葉月・結束萌花・関根貴則
  • Organizer: 第44回全国英語教育学会京都研究大会
• [Presentation] Monitoring the coherence of three situational dimensions of comprehension during L2 narrative reading (2017)
  • Author(s): Ushiro, Y., Hosoda, M., Mori, Y., Suzuki, K., Tada, G., Sasaki, Y., Ogiso, T., & Mandokoro, R.
  • Organizer: 24th Annual Meeting Society for the Scientific Study of Reading
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 物語文における登場人物・時間・空間情報の一貫した理解―読解時間の分析から― (2017)
  • Author(s): 卯城祐司・細田雅也・名畑目真吾・小木曽智子・森好紳・鈴木健太郎・神村幸蔵・佐々木大和・政所里佳・多田豪
  • Organizer: 第43回全国英語教育学会島根研究大会
• [Presentation] Effects of the situational instruction on the detection of global inconsistencies among second-language readers: Evidence from eye-tracking and recall (2016)
  • Author(s): Ushiro, Y., Hosoda, M., Mori, Y., & Tanaka, N.
  • Organizer: 23rd Annual Meeting Society for the Scientific Study of Reading
  • Place of Presentation: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 英文理解の一貫性の破綻に対する気づきと修復―目的志向の読解時における思考発話から― (2016)
  • Author(s): 卯城祐司・森好紳・細田雅也・多田豪・神村幸蔵・大河原にじ香
  • Organizer: 第42回全国英語教育学会埼玉研究大会
  • Place of Presentation: 獨協大学（埼玉県草加市）
• [Book] 初等外国語教育 (2018)
  • Author(s): 卯城祐司・星野由子・髙木修一・清水遥・中川知佳子・土方裕子・長谷川佑介・名畑目真吾・木村雪乃・濱田彰・田中菜採・森好紳・細田雅也
  • Total Pages: 192
  • Publisher: ミネルヴァ書房
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.u.tsukuba.ac.jp/~ushiro.yuji.gn/
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.u.tsukuba.ac.jp/~ushiro.yuji.gn/
• [Remarks] 英語教育学の理論と実践の統合
  • URL: http://www.u.tsukuba.ac.jp/~ushiro.yuji.gn/