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Comparative study on the characteristics of Japanese acceptance of 19C American testings

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16H03776
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Education
Research InstitutionNational Institute for Educational Policy Research

Principal Investigator

Hashimoto Akihiko  国立教育政策研究所, 教育政策・評価研究部, 総括研究官 (80189480)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 遠座 知恵  東京学芸大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (20580864)
橋本 美保  東京学芸大学, 教育学部, 教授 (60222212)
Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥7,150,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,650,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Keywords試験 / テスト / アメリカ / 近世 / 明治 / 教育情報 / 比較教育史 / 評価 / 国際交流 / 日本 / 19世紀 / 教育学 / 在米史料 / 受験社会 / 情報
Outline of Final Research Achievements

I originally collected primary materials on American testings in 19c public schools, and materials of examinations in 19c Japan, including those under the pre-modern Samurai regime.
The comparative analysis of them revealed that even modern Japanese government had borrowed the legal formats from America and other Western countries for establishing schools and examination rules, the Japanese tests appeared to be different from the American ones. Japanese rules and materials of testing resemble American ones, but the context differed from each other. I reported some instances of school semi-annual tests that were done for the sake of checking students' compliance toward study rather than for assessing their competency. Another instance was an exercise book for teacher candidates in the States that was translated or transformed into a material book for examiners that deals with lower elementary school students.
We may next think about the meaning of Japanese sticking to traditional tests.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近世の試験の経験が近代日本が試験制度を作る際の素地をなしたという可能性は、ロナルド・ドーアや天野郁夫らが示唆したが、近世・近代の連続・非連続の実証は本研究以前にはなされてこなかった。
本研究の学術的意義は、明治前期の日本の試験制度が、西洋に法制度の範を取りつつも、中身は江戸時代の学問吟味等の褒賞制度につらなる試験の手順や慣行に従っていたことを明らかにしたことである。
日本における試験が、真面目に学ぶ態度や意欲を検査して望ましい学校像・学習者像を育成することに重点を置き、学習者の能力の正確な測定や有資格者の公正な判定の機能が弱められることがなかったか、社会的に回顧する手がかりを提供することができた。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (18 results)

All 2019 2018 2017 2016 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (6 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Invited: 1 results) Book (2 results) Funded Workshop (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Wisconsin-Madison/Loyola University Chicago(米国)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore/Universita degli Studi di Torino(Italy)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Universidad de La Laguna(Spain)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Bergen University College(Norway)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Aalborg University/University of Aarhus(Denmark)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research]

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 思想史と実践史を架橋する―新教育研究への提案2018

    • Author(s)
      橋本美保・江口潔・遠座知恵・宮野尚
    • Journal Title

      近代教育フォーラム

      Volume: 27 Pages: 111-117

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 東京女子高等師範学校附属小学校における作業教育実践の展開―評価概念の導入によるカリキュラム改革の深化2018

    • Author(s)
      遠座知恵
    • Journal Title

      近代教育フォーラム

      Volume: 27 Pages: 15-26

    • NAID

      130007655508

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 実際の理論化―看過されてきた実践思想2016

    • Author(s)
      橋本 美保
    • Journal Title

      近代教育フォーラム

      Volume: 25 Pages: 27-28

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] An American exercise book for exam takers utilized in Japan as a handbook for examination administrators: The translation of Isaac Stone’s The Complete Examiner.2018

    • Author(s)
      Akihiko Hashimoto
    • Organizer
      ISCHE (International Standing Conference for the History of Education) Annual Conference 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Circulation of knowledge on Progressive Education in Modern Japan.2018

    • Author(s)
      Miho Hashimoto, Hisashi Miyano
    • Organizer
      ISCHE (International Standing Conference for the History of Education) Annual Conference 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Reception of Pedagogical Knowledge in Practical Contexts: Case Study on Progressive Education School Reform in Modern Japan.2018

    • Author(s)
      Chie Enza
    • Organizer
      ISCHE (International Standing Conference for the History of Education) Annual Conference 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Acceptance of American Progressive Music Education in Taisho New Education: How did Coleman’s “creative music” reform Japanese teacher’s practice?2018

    • Author(s)
      Kenta Tsukahara
    • Organizer
      ISCHE (International Standing Conference for the History of Education) Annual Conference 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] アメリカ小学試験情報の日本的受容の事例的考察2017

    • Author(s)
      橋本 昭彦
    • Organizer
      日本教育史学会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Why Samurai had to endure hardships of the pre-modern examination2016

    • Author(s)
      Akihiko Hashimoto
    • Organizer
      International Standing Conference for the History of Education
    • Place of Presentation
      アメリカ合衆国 シカゴ
    • Year and Date
      2016-08-18
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] Comparative sociology of examination2019

    • Author(s)
      Fumiya Onaka, Akihiko Hashimoto, et.al.
    • Total Pages
      346
    • Publisher
      Routledge
    • ISBN
      9781138609242
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Comparative Sociology of Examination and Educational Institutes2018

    • Author(s)
      Akihiko Hashimoto
    • Publisher
      Routledge
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] The International Seminar on Supportive and Sustainable School Evaluation (ISSSSE) 20162016

    • Place of Presentation
      国立教育政策研究所、広島大学
    • Year and Date
      2016-11-21
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2022-01-28  

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