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Development of Facial Expression Recognition Technology in Immersive Virtual Environments

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16H05870
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Human interface and interaction
Research InstitutionKeio University

Principal Investigator

Maki Sugimoto  慶應義塾大学, 理工学部(矢上), 教授 (50517399)

Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥19,890,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,590,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,330,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,230,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
Keywords表情認識 / ユビキタス光センシング / HMD / 表情計測 / 反射型光センサ / 機械学習 / 表情識別 / 頭部装着型ディスプレイ / 幾何形状推定 / バーチャルリアリティ / 光センシング / ユーザインターフェース
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The aim of this project was to develop facial expression recognition technology using an embedded optical sensor array and machine learning, which enables facial expression recognition in a head-mounted display (HMD). Facial expression recognition in an HMD with an ordinal camera system is challenging due to occlusions. We developed a method for detecting basic facial expressions and extended it to estimate the intensity of each facial expression. We have shown that synthesized expressions can be rendered on avatars in a virtual environment. In addition to identifying the basic expression classes, we confirmed that it is possible to reconstruct high-dimensional 3D positions of feature points on a facial surface from the low-dimensional sensor values. Furthermore, we demonstrated that facial expression recognition accuracy was improved by making a training dataset that incorporates gaze and head direction as a machine learning method robust to the diversity of facial expressions.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では学習データの多様性を考慮した機械学習を行なうことで,没入型バーチャル環境における表情認識精度を頑健にできることを示した.こうした,没入型バーチャル環境に対してユーザの身体情報を反映する技術基盤は,我々が没入型バーチャル環境においてソーシャルコミュニケーションを行なう上で必要となるものであり,実環境とバーチャル環境をシームレスに接続することに貢献するものである.また,本研究課題で開発を行なった組み込み型光センサと機械学習を用いる手法は,低次元のセンサ情報から高次元のユーザの状態を推定することにも活用できるため,様々な身体情報の認識を行なっていく上で重要な技術になると期待される.

Report

(5 results)
  • 2021 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All 2022 2021 2019 2018 2017 2016 Other

All Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Evaluation of Spatial Directional Guidance using Cheek Haptic Stimulation in a Virtual Environment2022

    • Author(s)
      Fumihiko Nakamura, Adrien Verhulst, Kuniharu Sakurada, Masaaki Fukuoka and Maki Sugimoto
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Computer Science

      Volume: - Pages: 1-16

    • DOI

      10.3389/fcomp.2022.733844

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Virtual Whiskers: Spatial Directional Guidance Using Cheek Haptic Stimulation in a Virtual Environment2021

    • Author(s)
      中村 文彦、Adrien Verhulst、櫻田 国治、福岡 正彬、杉本 麻樹
    • Journal Title

      Transactions of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan

      Volume: 26 Issue: 4 Pages: 298-309

    • DOI

      10.18974/tvrsj.26.4_298

    • NAID

      130008132571

    • ISSN
      1344-011X, 2423-9593
    • Year and Date
      2021-12-24
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 没入型バーチャル環境における表情認識技術2021

    • Author(s)
      杉本 麻樹
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan

      Volume: 26 Issue: 3 Pages: 28-29

    • DOI

      10.18974/jvrsj.26.3_28

    • NAID

      130008113591

    • ISSN
      1342-6680, 2435-8746
    • Year and Date
      2021-09-30
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Facial Performance Capture by Embedded Photo Reflective Sensors on A Smart Eyewear2018

    • Author(s)
      浅野 直生, 正井 克俊, 杉浦 裕太, 杉本 麻樹
    • Journal Title

      Transactions of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan

      Volume: 23 Issue: 3 Pages: 197-206

    • DOI

      10.18974/tvrsj.23.3_197

    • NAID

      130007492963

    • ISSN
      1344-011X, 2423-9593
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Virtual Whiskers: Cheek Haptic-Based Spatial Directional Guidance in a Virtual Space2021

    • Author(s)
      Fumihiko Nakamura, Adrien Verhulst, Kuniharu Sakurada, Masaaki Fukuoka, Maki Sugimoto
    • Organizer
      SIGGRAPH Asia 2021 XR (SA ’21)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 頬への触覚提示を利用したVR空間における方向誘導手法2021

    • Author(s)
      中村文彦,Adrien Vehulst,櫻田国治,福岡正彬,杉本麻樹
    • Organizer
      第26回日本バーチャルリアリティ学会大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] AffectiveHMD: facial expression recognition in head mounted display using embedded photo reflective sensors2019

    • Author(s)
      Masaaki Murakami, Kosuke Kikui, Katsuhiro Suzuki, Fumihiko Nakamura, Masaaki Fukuoka, Katsutoshi Masai, Yuta Sugiura, and Maki Sugimoto
    • Organizer
      ACM SIGGRAPH 2019 Emerging Technologies (SIGGRAPH ’19)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 頭部装着型ディスプレイにおける視線を考慮した表情認識の検討2018

    • Author(s)
      村上雅明,正井克俊,杉浦裕太,杉本麻樹
    • Organizer
      第 23 回日本バーチャルリアリティ学会大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Recognition and Mapping of Facial Expressions to Avatar by Embedded Photo Reflective Sensors in Head Mounted Display2017

    • Author(s)
      Katsuhiro Suzuki, Fumihiko Nakamura, Jiu Otsuka, Katsutoshi Masai, Yuta Itoh, Yuta Sugiura and Maki Sugimoto
    • Organizer
      IEEE Virtual Reality 2017
    • Place of Presentation
      ロサンゼルス(米国)
    • Year and Date
      2017-03-18
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 反射型光センサを用いた眼鏡型ウェアラブルデバイスによる顔表情パフォーマンスキャプチャ2017

    • Author(s)
      浅野直生,正井克俊,杉浦裕太,杉本麻樹
    • Organizer
      第22回日本バーチャルリアリティ学会大会論文集
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Facial Performance Capture by Embedded Photo Reflective Sensors on A Smart Eyewear2017

    • Author(s)
      Nao Asano, Katsutoshi Masai, Yuta Sugiura, Maki Sugimoto
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence & Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments 2017 (ICAT-EGVE2017)
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ヘッドマウントディスプレイに装着した光センサによる口元形状の識別2016

    • Author(s)
      中村 文彦, 鈴木 克洋, 正井 克俊, 伊藤 勇太, 杉浦 祐太, 杉本 麻樹
    • Organizer
      ヒューマンインタフェース学会デバイスメディア指向ユーザインタフェース研究会
    • Place of Presentation
      支笏湖丸駒温泉(北海道・千歳市)
    • Year and Date
      2016-10-13
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 反射型光センサを使用した没入型HMD装着時に利用可能な表情認識技術の提案2016

    • Author(s)
      鈴木克洋, 中村文彦, 正井克俊, 伊藤勇太, 杉浦裕太, 杉本麻樹
    • Organizer
      電子情報通信学会マルチメディア・仮想環境基礎研究会
    • Place of Presentation
      支笏湖丸駒温泉(北海道・千歳市)
    • Year and Date
      2016-10-13
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Interactive Media Lab

    • URL

      https://im-lab.net/

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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