| Budget Amount *help |
¥18,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,350,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥7,280,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,680,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This project examined how the collapse of the Russian Empire and pogroms that occurred in that process affected Zionism, which emerged in the Empire. With reference to Russian periodicals including those by non-Zionist Jewish liberals, the following has been revealed. In their understanding, pogroms occurred as a result of the disorder after the collapse of the strong Russian state, which enabled bandits to behave freely. Moreover, the Zionists had distrust toward the Russians and became aware of necessity to make the Jewish people independent of other peoples.
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