Study on phylogeny and evolution of arthropods based on transcriptome sequence data

Research Project

Project/Area Number	16K07471
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Research Field	Evolutionary biology
Research Institution	JT Biohistory Research Hall
Principal Investigator	Su Zhi-Hui 株式会社生命誌研究館, その他部局等, 主任研究員 (40396221)
Project Period (FY)	2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help	¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000) Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000) Fiscal Year 2016: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
Keywords	節足動物 / 多足亜門 / 甲殻亜門 / 六脚亜門 / トランスクリプトーム / 分子系統 / 進化 / 系統解析 / 系統進化 / 進化生物学一般 / ゲノム系統学
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The phylum Arthropoda includes four subphyla, namely Chelicerata, Myripoda, Crustacea and Hexapoda (insects). In this study, the phylogenetic relationships of arthropods are analyzed using amino acid sequences of transcriptome sequence data. As a result, the Chelicerata is first branched, supporting the monophyly of the Mandibulata (Myripoda + Crustacea + Hexapod). The results also show that the Crustacea and Hexapod are closely related, and the class Remipedia is the closest crustacean to the Hexapod. The monophyly of Chelicerata including the sea spider (Pycnogonida) is supported. As for the four classes of the Myriapoda, the Symphyla and Pauropoda, the Chilopoda and Diplopoda are sister groups, respectively, and the monophyly of the Chilopoda and Diplopoda is supported. In addition, the phylogenetic relationships at the ordinal level in the Chilopoda and Diplopoda are clearly resolved.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究は節足動物の系統関係における多くの難問を明らかにした。その成果は節足動物の起源、陸上進出や様々な環境への適応などの形態的・機能的進化プロセスの理解に大きく寄与する。節足動物は地球上最も多様化した動物群である。その節足動物の系統進化に対する理解を深めることによって、節足動物がなぜ、どのようにしてこれほどの多様化を遂げてきたのか、その根本的な原因を見出すことが期待される。これは我々人間の進化や人間社会の発展に対する理解にもヒントを与えることが期待される。