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Creation of the most effective method for induction of synaptic plasticity in human brain: paired-associative quadripulse stimulation (PA-QPS)

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16K09724
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Research Field Neurology
Research InstitutionFukushima Medical University

Principal Investigator

Murakami Takenobu  福島県立医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (00403428)

Research Collaborator Winnugroho Wiratman  
Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
KeywordsPA-QPS / シナプス可塑性 / 長期増強 / 長期抑圧 / PAS / QPS / 経頭蓋磁気刺激法 / 非侵襲的脳刺激法 / 運動学習 / 末梢神経電気刺激
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is known as a useful method in neuroscience and clinical neurology. Here we created a new NIBS protocol, combining four burst magnetic stimulation with four peripheral electrical nerve stimulation (paired-associative quadripulse stimulation: PA-QPS) and examined its potential. PA-QPS could induce facilitatory / inhibitory effects in human brain. Direction of the induced effects was dependent on interburst intervals of the magnetic stimulation. Delivered electrical nerve stimuli also enhanced / abolished the effects. In addition, we investigated the effects of PA-QPS in large number of subjects and found that PA-QPS can lead to more effective and stable inhibitory effects compared to other conventional NIBS protocols. We concluded that PA-QPS has great potential for both understanding pathophysiology of movement disorders and application to therapeutic approach.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

非侵襲的脳刺激法は神経科学分野の研究だけでなく、精神精神疾患の病態解明や治療といった臨床的応用としても用いられている。しかし、これまでに確立された刺激法の効果は、個人間でばらつきがあり、効果の再現性や確実性の問題が指摘されている。本研究によって開発された新しい刺激法(PA-QPS)は、その点を克服して従来の刺激法に比べてより効果的にシナプス可塑性変化を誘導できる。この手法を用いることで、パーキンソン病やジストニアといった運動異常疾患の病態の解明や治療的応用が期待できる点に学術的、社会的意義がある。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • 2016 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (53 results)

All 2019 2018 2017 2016 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 11 results,  Peer Reviewed: 13 results,  Open Access: 5 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 4 results) Presentation (37 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 18 results,  Invited: 8 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Aalto University(フィンランド)

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Aalto University(フィンランド)

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research]

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] A unique shape of the brainstem lesion causing orthostatic hypotension in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.2019

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T., Nakatani-Enomoto S., Enomoto H., Takahashi Y., Ugawa Y.
    • Journal Title

      Internal Medicine

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Novel pathogenic XK mutations in McLeod syndrome and interaction between XK protein and chorein.2019

    • Author(s)
      Urata Y., Nakamura M., Sasaki N., Shiokawa N., Nishida Y., Arai K., Hiwatashi H., Yokoyama I., Narumi S., Terayama Y., Murakami T., Ugawa Y., Sakamoto H., Kaneko S., Nakazawa Y., Yamasaki R., Sadashima S., Sakai T., Arai H., Sano A.
    • Journal Title

      Neurology: Genetics

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Coil model comparison for cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation.2019

    • Author(s)
      Can M., Laakso I., Nieminen J., Murakami T., Ugawa Y.
    • Journal Title

      Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The duration of antibiotic therapy in bacterial meningitis with pyogenic ventriculitis2019

    • Author(s)
      時村瞭, 井口正寛, 伊藤英一, 村上丈伸, 宇川義一.
    • Journal Title

      Rinsho Shinkeigaku

      Volume: 59 Issue: 3 Pages: 133-138

    • DOI

      10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001210

    • NAID

      130007626626

    • ISSN
      0009-918X, 1882-0654
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A multi-scale computational approach based on TMS experiments for the assessment of electro-stimulation thresholds of the brain at intermediate frequencies.2018

    • Author(s)
      Soldati, Marco; Mikkonen, Marko; Laakso, Ilkka; Murakami, Takenobu; Ugawa, Yoshikazu; Hirata, Akimasa
    • Journal Title

      Phys Med Biol.

      Volume: 63 Issue: 22 Pages: 225006-225006

    • DOI

      10.1088/1361-6560/aae932

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The motor network reduces multisensory illusory perception2018

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T, Abe M, Wiratman W, Fujiwara J, Okamoto M, Mizuochi-Endo T, Iwabuchi T, Makuuchi M, Yamashita A, Tiksnadi A, Chang F, Kubo H, Matsuda N, Kobayashi S, Eifuku S, Ugawa Y
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience

      Volume: 38 Issue: 45 Pages: 9679

    • DOI

      10.1523/jneurosci.3650-17.2018

    • URL

      https://localhost/en/publications/867621cb-a3ce-4aaa-8dfd-b0985bbf24c4

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Where and what TMS activates: experiments and modeling. Brain Stimul2018

    • Author(s)
      Ilkka L, Murakami T, Hirata A, Ugawa Y
    • Journal Title

      Brain Stimulation

      Volume: 11(1) Issue: 1 Pages: 166-174

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.brs.2017.09.011

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A possible role of low regulatory T cells in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody positive myasthenia gravis after bone marrow transplantation2017

    • Author(s)
      Fukatsu M, Murakami T, Ohkawara H, Saito S, Ikeda K, Kadowaki S, Sasaki I, Segawa M, Soeda T, Hoshi A, Takahashi H, Shichishima-Nakamura A, Ogawa K, Sugiura Y, Ohto H, Takeishi Y, Ikezoe T, Ugawa Y.
    • Journal Title

      BMC Neurology

      Volume: 17 Issue: 1 Pages: 93-93

    • DOI

      10.1186/s12883-017-0881-7

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] A case of leptomeningeal melanomatosis with acute paraplegia and multiple cranial nerve palsies2017

    • Author(s)
      Hattori K., Matsuda N., Murakami T., Ito E., Ugawa Y.
    • Journal Title

      Rinsho Shinkeigaku

      Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Pages: 769-774

    • DOI

      10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001092

    • NAID

      130006286438

    • ISSN
      0009-918X, 1882-0654
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Variability in Response to Quadripulse Stimulation of the Motor Cortex2016

    • Author(s)
      Nakamura K., Groiss S.J., Hamada M., Enomoto H., Kadowaki S., Abe M., Murakami T., Wiratman W., Chang F., Kobayashi S., Hanajima R., Terao Y., Ugawa Y.
    • Journal Title

      Brain Stimulation

      Volume: 9 Issue: 6 Pages: 859

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.brs.2016.01.008

    • URL

      https://pure.teikyo.jp/en/publications/e43b4d03-2322-4e3d-b65d-94790ac9e329

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] A case of lymphomatosis cerebri mimicking inflammatory diseases2016

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T., Yoshida K., Segawa M., Yoshihara A., Hoshi A., Nakamura K., Ichikawa M., Suzuki O., Yokoyama Y., Toyoshima Y., Sugiura Y., Ito H., Saito K., Hashimoto Y., Kakita A., Takahashi H., Ugawa Y.
    • Journal Title

      BMC Neurology

      Volume: 16 Issue: 1 Pages: 128-128

    • DOI

      10.1186/s12883-016-0655-7

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Influence of phasic muscle contraction upon the quadripulse stimulation (QPS) aftereffects2016

    • Author(s)
      Kadowaki S, Enomoto H, Murakami T, Nakatani-Enomoto S, Kobayashi S, Ugawa Y
    • Journal Title

      Clin Neurophysiol

      Volume: 127 Issue: 2 Pages: 1568

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.clinph.2015.10.063

    • URL

      https://pure.teikyo.jp/en/publications/2d8f32df-03b9-4477-b2cb-45e8becb6951

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] [<sup>123</sup>I]-Ioflupane SPECT in combination with MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in Parkinson’s disease: a case series study2016

    • Author(s)
      山田茜, 村上丈伸, 康英真, 飯國洋一郎, 森松暁史, 白田明子, 伊藤浩, 宇川義一
    • Journal Title

      Rinsho Shinkeigaku

      Volume: 56 Issue: 6 Pages: 400-406

    • DOI

      10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-000848

    • NAID

      130005158854

    • ISSN
      0009-918X, 1882-0654
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Presentation] TMS can detect abnormal synaptic plasticity associated with amyloid-beta and Tau pathology in early staged dementia.2019

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T., Abe M., Tiksnadi A., Futamura M., Kobayashi N., Hashimoto Y., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      3rd Brain Stimulation Conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation modulated QPS-induced synaptic plasticity.2019

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T.
    • Organizer
      3rd Brain Stimulation Conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Higher efficacy and less inter-individual variability in QPS than TBS: head to head comparison study.2019

    • Author(s)
      Tiksnadi A., Murakami T., Wiratman W., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      3rd Brain Stimulation Conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 著明な脊髄萎縮を認めたミトコンドリア病の52歳女性例2019

    • Author(s)
      時村瞭, 安田恵, 阿部亜妃子, 黒見祐美子, 板垣裕也, 阿部暖, 服部香寿美, 村上丈伸, 金井数明
    • Organizer
      第103回日本神経学会東北地方会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 多発脳神経麻痺で発症し進行性の筋力低下を呈した82歳女性例2019

    • Author(s)
      阿部暖, 榎本雪, 板垣裕也, 阿部亜妃子, 時村瞭, 安田恵, 吉田健二, 村上丈伸, 金井数明
    • Organizer
      第103回日本神経学会東北地方会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 診断に苦慮した中枢神経原発悪性リンパ腫の1例2019

    • Author(s)
      阿部亜妃子, 吉田健二, 板垣裕也, 阿部暖, 時村瞭, 服部香寿美, 黒見祐美子, 安田恵, 村上丈伸, 小林俊輔, 榎本博之, 金井数明, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第216回日本内科学会東北地方会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation modulated QPS-induced synaptic plasticity.2018

    • Author(s)
      Wiratman W., Murakami T., Kobayashi S., Enomoto H., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      4th Taiwan International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorder
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 磁気刺激による聴覚視覚統合の干渉-マガーク効果を用いた検討-2018

    • Author(s)
      村上丈伸
    • Organizer
      第48回日本臨床神経生理学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 下位運動ニューロン症状でマスクされた上位運動ニューロン障害のCMCTによる検出:ALSにおいて2018

    • Author(s)
      時村瞭, 村上丈伸, 小林俊輔, 榎本博之, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第48回日本臨床神経生理学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 下肢の錐体路障害を認めたMcLeod症候群の一例2018

    • Author(s)
      阿部暖, 村上丈伸, 松本英之, 時村瞭, 服部香寿美, 黒見祐美子, 吉田健二, 安田恵, 阿部十也, 小林俊輔, 榎本博之, 中村雅之, 佐野輝, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第48回日本臨床神経生理学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 臨床倫理四分割法を用いた退院支援カンファレンスへの介入と今後の課題2018

    • Author(s)
      後藤真明, 五十嵐暁子, 菅野京子, 村上丈伸, 三川武彦, 和泉啓司
    • Organizer
      第57回全国自治体病院学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 重症筋無力症でステロイド治療中に抗ARS抗体陽性多発筋炎を発症した一例2018

    • Author(s)
      阿部亜妃子, 吉田健二, 板垣裕也, 阿部暖, 時村瞭, 服部香寿美, 黒見祐美子, 安田恵, 村上丈伸, 榎本博之, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第102回日本神経学会東北地方会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 水疱を伴わない帯状疱疹(zoster sine herpete)に続発して, 無菌性髄膜炎・動眼神経麻痺・脳血管症・脊髄炎を来し, 診断と治療に難渋した一例2018

    • Author(s)
      板垣裕也, 松田希, 田中翔子, 阿部暖, 服部香寿美, 中津秀幸, 安田恵, 村上丈伸, 吉田健二, 榎本博之, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第102回日本神経学会東北地方会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The motor system reduces McGurk illusion -event-related fMRI and TMS studies-.2018

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T., Abe M., Fujiwara J., Makuuchi M., Kobayashi S., Eifuku S., UgawaY.
    • Organizer
      BrainBox Conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Lymphocytic primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) の一例2018

    • Author(s)
      村上丈伸, 服部香寿美, 飯島綾子, 小鷹昌明, 佐久間潤, 齋藤清, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第23回福島脳血管障害治療研究会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] McLeod症候群での中枢運動伝導時間と運動野皮質内抑制/促通機能2018

    • Author(s)
      阿部暖, 村上丈伸, 松本英之, 時村瞭, 服部香寿美, 黒見祐美子, 吉田健二, 安田恵, 阿部十也, 中村雅之, 佐野輝, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第59回日本神経学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 中枢運動神経伝導時間による筋萎縮性側索硬化症における上位運動ニューロン障害の検出2018

    • Author(s)
      時村瞭, 村上丈伸, 宇川義一
    • Organizer
      第59回日本神経学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Spike-timing dependent bidirectional plasticity in the human spinal motoneurons.2018

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T.
    • Organizer
      The 31st International Congress of Clinical Neurophysiology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Detection of upper motor neuron impairment in ALS with central motor conduction time.2018

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T., Tokimura R., Nakatani-Enomoto S., Enomoto H., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      The 31st International Congress of Clinical Neurophysiology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Strength of peripheral nerve stimulation impacts on the magnitude of synaptic plasticity induced at spinal motoneurons.2018

    • Author(s)
      Yamashita A., Murakami T., Kadowaki S., Yoshida K., Ito E., Matsuda N., Chang F-Y., Hattori N., Miyai I., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      The 31st International Congress of Clinical Neurophysiology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 認知症診療の展望と福島医大脳疾患センターにおける取り組み2018

    • Author(s)
      村上丈伸
    • Organizer
      第26回福島内科フォーラム
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] アルツハイマー病の生理学的バイオマーカー2018

    • Author(s)
      村上丈伸
    • Organizer
      第25回日本神経学会東北地方会生涯教育講演会
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] TMSで何ができるか? 臨床、研究そしてちょっと言語2018

    • Author(s)
      村上丈伸
    • Organizer
      第4回福島白質解剖セミナー
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Expert Meeting: Experience in Autoimmune Encephalitis.2017

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T.
    • Organizer
      Jakarta Neurology Exhibition Workshop and Symposium (JakNEWS) 2017
    • Place of Presentation
      ジャカルタ インドネシア
    • Year and Date
      2017-03-25
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Brain and Language: What we learned from TMS studies.2017

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T.
    • Organizer
      Jakarta Neurology Exhibition Workshop and Symposium (JakNEWS) 2017
    • Place of Presentation
      ジャカルタ インドネシア
    • Year and Date
      2017-03-25
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Experiments and modelling pinpoint the cortical activation site of TMS.2017

    • Author(s)
      Laakso I., Murakami T., Hirata A., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      2nd International Brain Stimulation Conference
    • Place of Presentation
      バルセロナ スペイン
    • Year and Date
      2017-03-06
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Spike-timing dependent plasticity at spinal motoneurons. 2nd International Brain Stimulation Conference2017

    • Author(s)
      Yamashita A., Murakami T., Kadowaki S., Yoshida K., Ito E., Matsuda N., Chang F.Y., Hattori N., Miyai I., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      2nd International Brain Stimulation Conference
    • Place of Presentation
      バルセロナ スペイン
    • Year and Date
      2017-03-06
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Paired associative quadripulse stimulation (PA-QPS) - a new protocol combining homo- and hetero-synaptic plasticity-.2017

    • Author(s)
      Wiratman W., Murakami T., Kobayashi S., Enomoto H., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      2nd International Brain Stimulation Conference
    • Place of Presentation
      バルセロナ スペイン
    • Year and Date
      2017-03-06
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Reduced LTP-like synaptic plasticity in patients with mild cognitive decline2017

    • Author(s)
      Takenobu Murakami, Yoshikazu Ugawa
    • Organizer
      The 2nd International Taiwanese Congress of Neurology
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Hypersalivation is a specific clinical feature to anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis2017

    • Author(s)
      Takenobu Murakami, Kenji Yoshida, Megumi Yasuda, Yoshihiro Sugiura, Yoshikazu Ugawa
    • Organizer
      23rd World Congress of Neurology
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] TMS, a useful biomarker for detecting functional decline in the early staged dementia2017

    • Author(s)
      Takenobu Murakami, Yoshikazu Ugawa
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2017
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Bidirectional paired-associative synaptic plasticity at spinal motoneurons2017

    • Author(s)
      Akira Yamashita, Takenobu Murakami, Suguru Kadowaki, Kenji Yoshida, Eiichi Ito, Nozomu Matsuda, Fang-Yu Chang, Noriaki Hattori, Ichiro Miyai, Yoshiakzu Ugawa
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2017
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Paired-associative quadripulse stimulation (PA-QPS): Modulations of QPS effects by electrical stimulation of peripheral nerve2017

    • Author(s)
      Winnugroho Wiratman, Takenobu Murakami, Shunsuke Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Enomoto, Yoshikazu Ugawa
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2017
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 経頭蓋磁気刺激法の言語脳科学への応用2017

    • Author(s)
      村上丈伸
    • Organizer
      第47回日本臨床神経生理学会学術大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Contribution of the motor system to McGurk effect -event-related fMRI and TMS studies-.2016

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T., Fujiwara J., Sakamoto Y., Okamoto M., Mizuochi T., Iwabuchi T., Makuuchi M., Abe M., Kubo H., Matsuda N., Kobayashi S., Ito H., Takenoshita S., Ugawa Y.
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience2016
    • Place of Presentation
      サンディエゴ アメリカ
    • Year and Date
      2016-11-12
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 新しいQPS2016

    • Author(s)
      村上丈伸
    • Organizer
      第46回日本臨床神経生理学会学術大会
    • Place of Presentation
      郡山市 福島県
    • Year and Date
      2016-10-27
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Contribution of the motor system to the multisensory integration2016

    • Author(s)
      Murakami T.
    • Organizer
      第31回日本生体磁気学会大会
    • Place of Presentation
      金沢市 石川県
    • Year and Date
      2016-06-09
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2022-02-22  

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