The interaction between host and ebolavirus

Research Project

Project/Area Number	16K15283
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Research Field	Virology
Research Institution	Osaka University
Principal Investigator	Suenaga Tadahiro 大阪大学, 微生物病研究所, 准教授 (20396675)
Project Period (FY)	2016-04-01 – 2018-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2017)
Budget Amount *help	¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000) Fiscal Year 2016: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Keywords	エボラウイルス / グリコプロテイン / エントリー / 免疫逃避 / NK細胞 / 膜融合 / 細胞障害活性
Outline of Final Research Achievements	When ebolavirus enter host cells, ebolavirus glycoprotein (Ebo-GP) associates with host receptors. We identified a new entry receptor EGPR on the surface of host cells. We also found that glycans on Ebo-GP are required for the binding of EGPR to Ebo-GP. Furthermore, EGPR enhances the infectivity of all 5 subgenus of ebolavirus that are known to infect human. We also analyzed EGPIM expressed on the NK cells that attack and remove viruses in the host. We discovered that Ebo-GP inhibits the binding of EGPIM to the ligand, which suggests a mechanism that ebolavirus the evade from cytotoxicity by NK cells.