| Project/Area Number |
16K15778
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Functional basic dentistry
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| Research Institution | Showa University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Research Collaborator |
Azetsu Yuki
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
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| Keywords | メダカ / 破骨細胞 / 骨芽細胞 / グルココルチコイド / medaka / gravity / bone / osteoclast / osteoblast / glucocorticoid / 重力 / 骨 / 骨生物学 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Previous studies have shown that the downstream signal of glucocorticoid (GC) was increased during space flight. We examined the participation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in osterix-DsRed/TRAP-EGFP double transgenic (Tg) medaka treated with synthetic GCs. The results showed that the decrease of osteoclast and osteoblast in the pharyngeal tooth and bone fracture site. Furthermore, we generated a defective medaka for GR2 which is a GC receptor. The amount of osteoclasts and osteoblasts mobilized by fracture increased in the GR2 deficient medaka. These data suggested that GC suppresses bone metabolism. Also, to study the effects of development of hard tissue by hypergravity, we utilized a biological gravity experimental device. Micro-CT analysis revealed vertebral curvature towards the dorsal side and abnormally formed otoliths, which function to control equilibrium sensation. Our findings indicate that the shape of skeleton as well as otoliths are depended on the fold of gravity.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
グルココルチコイドは過剰に投与されると骨粗鬆症の原因になるともされ、グルココルチコイドによる骨影響のメカニズムは早期の解明が期待されている。宇宙の実験で用いたメダカでは、グルココルチコイドの下流遺伝子の発現が上昇しており、宇宙でのグルココルチコイド作用の原因究明が重要となっている。これから宇宙時代を迎える人類にとってグルココルチコイドによる骨影響の基礎データを得ることは社会的意義がある。また、本研究でメダカを加重力環境で飼育することで脊椎骨形成、耳石形成に異常が見られることがわかった。今後、メダカを用いた解析から重力作用が明らかにすることが期待される。
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