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Institutional restrictions on the learning of probability

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16K17433
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Research Field Education on school subjects and activities
Research InstitutionHokkaido University of Education

Principal Investigator

Otaki Koji  北海道教育大学, 教育学部, 特任講師 (90750422)

Research Collaborator Hakamata Ryoto  高知大学, 教育学部, 助教 (50824215)
Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords確率 / 教えるべき知識 / 教師の専門性 / 制度的制約 / 教授学的転置 / 付随教授的(para-didactic) / 教授人間学理論 / 生態学的方法 / 困難性 / 生態分析 / 制約 / 探究 / 教授パラダイム / 教授工学 / 統計的確率 / 数学的確率 / プラクセオロジー / Study and research path / 生態学的分析 / 授業 / 教科書 / カリキュラム
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research investigates institutional restrictions on the teaching and learning of probability from two viewpoints. One is the character of knowledge-to-be-taught, and the other is the teachers’ professional responsibility. These perspectives are two genres of the factors or conditions on the difficulty of the learning of probability. In this research, different restrictions have been identified in both genres. The restrictions can be summarized as follows.
1. At the levels of relatively large contents like domain and sector, some properties of knowledge-to-be-taught about probability―for example, in the domain, randomizers like dice or coin cannot be regarded as a “legitimate” mathematical tools―can be obstacles.
2. Intervention to knowledge-to-be-taught of such sizes is not included in the teachers’ professional tasks. As a result, the obstacles cannot be overcome in mathematics classrooms.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の学術的意義は,確率学習の困難性の要因を,特に「教えるべき確率知識」と「教師の専門性」の視点から明らかにした点である。これらの視点は通常の教科教育研究では,暗黙の前提とされ,これまで主たる研究対象として取り扱われてこなかった。しかし,そもそもこれらの点に大きな要因があるとすれば,一授業や一単元における工夫で確率指導を改善しようとする試みには無理がある。本研究の成果は,確率学習の困難性の克服のためには,授業レベルの修正ではなく,カリキュラムレベルの改革や,教師の新しい専門性の開発が必要なことを示唆している。これが本研究の社会的意義である。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • 2016 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (9 results)

All 2019 2018 2017 2016 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Gavle(スウェーデン)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Copenhagen(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Questioning the paradidactic ecology: Internationally shared constraints on lesson study?2019

    • Author(s)
      Koji Otaki, Yukiko Asami-Johansson and Jacob Bahn
    • Organizer
      The Eleventh Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education (CERME11)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The ecology of the didactic divide in teacher education2019

    • Author(s)
      Koji Otaki and Yukiko Asami-Johansson
    • Organizer
      Intensive Research Programme: Advances in the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic and Their Consequences in Curricula and in Teacher Education
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] On reflexivity and normativity in didactics: Mutual analysis of the ATD and the commognition theory2019

    • Author(s)
      Koji Otaki
    • Organizer
      Intensive Research Programme: Advances in the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic and Their Consequences in Curricula and in Teacher Education
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Graph-theoretical inquiry in upper-secondary school2019

    • Author(s)
      Ryoto Hakamata and Koji Otaki
    • Organizer
      Intensive Research Programme: Advances in the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic and Their Consequences in Curricula and in Teacher Education
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] On study and research responsibilities: A case in Japanese upper secondary school2018

    • Author(s)
      Ryoto Hakamata, Koji Otaki
    • Organizer
      The 6th International Conference on the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A survey on preservice-teachers’ probabilistic equipment2017

    • Author(s)
      Koji Otaki, Hideki Iwasaki
    • Organizer
      The 41th International Conference for the Psychology of Mathematics Education
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 高等学校教育実習生の数学指導活動:論理の視点から2016

    • Author(s)
      袴田綾斗・大滝孝治
    • Organizer
      全国数学教育学会第44回研究発表会
    • Place of Presentation
      高知大学
    • Year and Date
      2016-06-25
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2020-03-30  

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