Deciphering molecular mechanisms of floret development in Triticeae crops

• Project/Area Number: 16K18635
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Science in genetics and breeding
• Research Institution: Tottori University
• Principal Investigator: SAKUMA Shun 鳥取大学, 農学部, 助教 (40717352)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
• Keywords: 収量 / 穂形態 / 遺伝子 / 進化 / オオムギ / コムギ / 小花 / 穀粒数 / 穀粒サイズ / 変異体 / 育種学 / 遺伝学 / 植物

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Inflorescence architecture influences final grain yield in Triticeae crops such as wheat and barley. However, little is known regarding the genetic basis of inflorescence development. This study aimed to identify the genes regulating floret development in wheat and barley. In wheat, the locus Grain Number Increase 1 (GNI1) has been identified as an important contributor to floret fertility. Mutants carrying an impaired GNI1 allele out-yielded WT allele plants under field conditions. In barley, it was revealed that extreme suppression of lateral florets by Vrs1.t allele contributes to enlarged grains. These results suggest that grain yield can be improved by DNA marker assisted selection using the identified genes.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究により、オオムギとコムギの収量性を向上させる穂形態を制御する遺伝子が明らかになった。地球規模の気候変動に伴う減収が懸念される中、収量性の向上は世界共通の課題である。単離した遺伝子はいずれも自然に存在する変異で長い年月をかけて選抜されたものである。今後この遺伝子を利用することで効率的な収量性の改善が期待できる。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] IPK(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The Hebrew University of Jerusalem(イスラエル)
• [Int'l Joint Research] CSIC(スペイン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Sydney(オーストラリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] IPK(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Sydney(オーストラリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] CSIC(スペイン)
• [Journal Article] Unleashing floret fertility in wheat through the mutation of a homeobox gene (2019)
  • Author(s): Sakuma, S., Golan, G., Guo, Z., Ogawa, T., Tagiri, A., Sugimoto, K., Bernhardt, N., Brassac, J., Mascher, M., Hensel, G., Ohnishi, S., Jinno, H., Yamashita, Y., Ayalon, I., Peleg, Z., Schnurbusch, T., Komatsuda, T.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume: 116 Issue: 11 Pages: 5182-5187
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815465116
  • NAID: 120006958020
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Elucidation of the origin of ‘agriocrithon’ based on domestication genes questions the hypothesis that Tibet is one of the centers of barley domestication (2018)
  • Author(s): Pourkheirandish Mohammad、Kanamori Hiroyuki、Wu Jianzhong、Sakuma Shun、Blattner Frank R.、Komatsuda Takao
  • Journal Title: The Plant Journal Volume: 94 Issue: 3 Pages: 525-534
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13876
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Resequencing theVrs1 gene in Spanish barley landraces revealed reversion of six-rowed to two-rowed spike (2018)
  • Author(s): Casas Ana M.、Contreras-Moreira Bruno、Cantalapiedra Carlos P.、Sakuma Shun、Gracia Mar?a Pilar、Moralejo Marian、Molina-Cano Jos? Luis、Komatsuda Takao、Igartua Ernesto
  • Journal Title: Molecular Breeding Volume: 38 Issue: 5 Pages: 51-51
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11032-018-0816-z
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Unleashing floret fertility by a mutated homeobox gene improved grain yield during wheat evolution under domestication (2018)
  • Author(s): Sakuma, S., Golan, G., Guo, Z., Ogawa, T., Tagiri, A., Sugimoto, K., Bernhardt, N., Brassac, J., Mascher, M., Hensel, G., Ohnishi, S., Jinno, H., Yamashita, Y., Ayalon, I., Peleg, Z., Schnurbusch, T., Komatsuda, T.
  • Journal Title: bioRxiv Volume: -
  • DOI: 10.1101/434985
  • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] On the Origin of the Non-brittle Rachis Trait of Domesticated Einkorn Wheat (2018)
  • Author(s): Pourkheirandish Mohammad、Dai Fei、Sakuma Shun、Kanamori Hiroyuki、Distelfeld Assaf、Willcox George、Kawahara Taihachi、Matsumoto Takashi、Kilian Benjamin、Komatsuda Takao
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Plant Science Volume: 8 Pages: 2031-2031
  • DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02031
  • NAID: 120006626770
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Extreme Suppression of Lateral Floret Development by a Single Amino Acid Change in the VRS1 Transcription Factor (2017)
  • Author(s): Sakuma Shun、Lundqvist Udda、Kakei Yusuke、Thirulogachandar Venkatasubbu、Suzuki Takako、Hori Kiyosumi、Wu Jianzhong、Tagiri Akemi、Rutten Twan、Koppolu Ravi、Shimada Yukihisa、Houston Kelly、Thomas William T.B.、Waugh Robbie、Schnurbusch Thorsten、Komatsuda Takao
  • Journal Title: Plant Physiology Volume: 175 Issue: 4 Pages: 1720-1731
  • DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01149
  • NAID: 120006958021
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] コムギの稔実小花数増加による多収化 (2019)
  • Author(s): 佐久間 俊, Guy Golan, Zifeng Guo, 小川 泰一, 田切 明美, 杉本 和彦, 大西 志全, 神野 裕信, 山下 陽子, Zvi Peleg, Thorsten Schnurbusch, 小松田 隆夫
  • Organizer: 第135回日本育種学会講演会
• [Presentation] オオムギ側列小花の極端な発達抑制による大粒化 (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐久間俊, 小松田隆夫
  • Organizer: 第134回日本育種学会講演会
• [Presentation] 麦類の小花稔性に関する遺伝機構 (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐久間俊
  • Organizer: 第10回中国地域育種談話会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Understanding genetic diversity of inflorescence architecture in Triticeae (2018)
  • Author(s): Shun Sakuma
  • Organizer: International Training Course on Triticeae Genomics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Mutation identification by direct comparison of whole-genome sequencing data of mutant and wild type individuals (2018)
  • Author(s): Martin Mascher, Shun Sakuma
  • Organizer: Second International Barley Mutant Workshop
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Cloning of the zero-rowed spike 1 in barley (2018)
  • Author(s): S. Sakuma, M. Mascher, T. Komatsuda, T. Schnurbusch
  • Organizer: International Plant & Animal Genome XXVI
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Genetic basis of grain number in Triticeae (2017)
  • Author(s): S. Sakuma, T. Schnurbusch, T. Komatsuda
  • Organizer: International Workshop-Barley and wheat orthologous genes, their structure, function and application.
  • Invited
• [Presentation] コムギにおける擬似分枝を制御する遺伝子の同定 (2017)
  • Author(s): 三橋優衣・佐久間俊・川浦香奈子
  • Organizer: 第132回日本育種学会講演会
• [Presentation] コムギの小穂発達に関する遺伝解析 (2017)
  • Author(s): 三橋優衣・佐久間俊・川浦香奈子
  • Organizer: 第12回ムギ類研究会