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Reevaluation of the role of kanbun kundoku in the formation of the Japanese language from a contact/cross-linguistic perspective

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16K20923
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Research Field Japanese linguistics
Linguistics
Research InstitutionYamagata University

Principal Investigator

Zisk Matthew Joseph  山形大学, 大学院理工学研究科, 助教 (70631761)

Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Keywords日本語史 / 漢文訓読 / 言語接触 / 意味借用 / 翻訳借用 / 借用派生語 / グロス / 口訣 / 訓点資料 / 口訣資料 / 借用 / 歴史コーパス / グロッシング / グロス資料 / 借用形式 / 言語借用
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The main purpose of this project was to reevaluate the role of kanbun kundoku ('vernacular reading of Classical Chinese') in the formation of the Japanese language from both a language contact and a cross-linguistic perspective. Kanbun kundoku is the practice of interpreting a Classical Chinese text character-by-character into the vernacular (in this case, Japanese). Due to it's metaphrastic nature, the kanbun kundoku process has heavily influenced the native Japanese vocabulary. In the course of this project, I searched for imitational loans (Japanese words coined after Chinese models) in a number of early Japanese glosses of Classical Chinese texts. Through my survey, I discovered that Classical Chinese has heavily influenced both the semantics and word formation of native vocabulary. I also discovered a number of imitational loan strategies unique to kanbun kundoku. Such strategies could be said to be the byproduct of language contact via a logographic script such as kanji.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまでの日中言語接触の研究は主に借用語(漢語)と音韻的影響(漢字音)に着目したが、本研究で明らかにしたように、漢文訓読というプロセスを経て、日本語の固有の語彙である和語も漢字・漢文から多大な影響を受けているのである。他言語形式の模倣は言語接触において一般に見られる現象であるが、漢文訓読で見られる模倣形式にはヨーロッパの言語では見られないようなものもあり、これらの形式の発生には漢字という言語接触の媒体が大きく影響していると考えられる。これまでの言語接触研究では接触の媒体があまり重視されない傾向にあったが、本研究の成果により、接触の媒体が借用の在り方を大きく変貌させうることを明らかにした。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • 2016 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (26 results)

All 2019 2018 2017 2016 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 1 results) Presentation (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Invited: 4 results) Book (2 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] アイルランド国立大学ゴール ウェイ校(NUI Galway)(アイルランド)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] アイルランド国立大学ゴールウェイ校(NUI Galway)(アイルランド)

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] フランス国立科学研究センター(CNRS)(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 用例を集める(第10章)2019

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Journal Title

      大木一夫編『ガイドブック日本語史調査法』

      Volume: N/A Pages: 211-232

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 電子テキストを利用する(第11章)2019

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Journal Title

      大木一夫編『ガイドブック日本語史調査法』

      Volume: N/A Pages: 233-260

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 日本語史研究のための電子テキスト一覧(資料)2019

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Journal Title

      大木一夫編『ガイドブック日本語史調査法』

      Volume: N/A Pages: 297-301

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Middle Chinese Loan Translations and Derivations in Japanese2018

    • Author(s)
      Zisk, Matthew
    • Journal Title

      Japanese/Korean Linguistics

      Volume: 24 Pages: 315-329

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 和語の書記行為表現「のる」「のす」の成立をめぐって―漢字を媒介とした意味借用の観点から―2017

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Journal Title

      訓点語と訓点資料

      Volume: 139 Pages: 28-52

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 『日本語大事典』の項目名を英訳して―その作業過程と諸問題点―2017

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Journal Title

      日本近代語研究

      Volume: 6

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Middle Chinese loan translations and loan derivations in Japanese2017

    • Author(s)
      Zisk, Matthew
    • Journal Title

      Japanese/Korean Linguistics

      Volume: 24

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Presentation] Toward a Set of Glossing Rules and Abbreviations for Citing Kundoku Texts2018

    • Author(s)
      Matthew Zisk
    • Organizer
      第118回訓点語学会研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Glossing Glosses: A Look at Contemporary Glossing Methods of Kundoku Texts and a Proposal for a Universal Standard2018

    • Author(s)
      Matthew Zisk
    • Organizer
      Glossing cultural change: Comparative perspectives on manuscript annotation, c. 600-1200 CE
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Methods for English Transcription of Kundoku and Gugyeol Texts2018

    • Author(s)
      Matthew Zisk
    • Organizer
      55th Conference for Gugyeol Studies (第55回口訣学会研究発表会)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 西大寺本『金光明最勝王経』平安初期点に見える中古漢語の 模倣形式―借用転成と借用統語を中心に―2018

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Organizer
      第3回日本語と近隣言語における文法化ワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 日本語における漢字の意味借用2018

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Organizer
      漢検漢字文化研究所東京講座「漢字研究最前線」
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] How We Can Use Historical Linguistics to Make Language Learning More Interesting2018

    • Author(s)
      Matthew Zisk
    • Organizer
      International Association of Japanese Studies 321st Meeting
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] What Do Kanji Represent: A Reevaluation of the Term 'Logogram'2018

    • Author(s)
      Zisk, Matthew
    • Organizer
      International Association of Japanese Studies 319th Meeting
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Three Types of Semantic Influence from Chinese through Kundoku Glossing on the Japanese Language2017

    • Author(s)
      Zisk, Matthew
    • Organizer
      14th International Conference on the History of the Linguistic Sciences
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 和訓の選定プロセスから見た中古・中世のリテラシー史2016

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Organizer
      日本語の歴史的典籍の国際共同研究ネットワーク構築計画研究集会「新たな古典学としてのリテラシー史研究─多分野融合による可能性を求めて─」
    • Place of Presentation
      東北大学
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Formation principles and diffusion of Chinese loan translations and loan derivations in Japanese2016

    • Author(s)
      Zisk, Matthew
    • Organizer
      The 24th Japanese/Korean Linguistics Conference (JK24)
    • Place of Presentation
      国立国語研究所
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 言語借用の観点から見た訓点語における文法化の種類2016

    • Author(s)
      ジスク マシュー
    • Organizer
      第1回日本語と近隣言語における文法化ワークショップ(GJNL-1)
    • Place of Presentation
      東北大学
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Sources used in the glossing of classical Chinese texts and their influence on modern Japanese orthography2016

    • Author(s)
      Zisk, Matthew
    • Organizer
      Tapping Immaterial Resources: Glossing Practices between the Far East and the Latin West, c. 600 C.E.
    • Place of Presentation
      Goethe-University Frankfurt-am-Main
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] Japanese Linguistics2019

    • Author(s)
      Mark Irwin & Matthew Zisk
    • Total Pages
      296
    • Publisher
      Asakura Publishing
    • ISBN
      9784254516814
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 漢字(日本語ライブラリー、第4章「義から見た漢字」pp. 73-96を執筆)2017

    • Author(s)
      沖森卓也、笹原宏之、鳩野恵介、吉川雅之、尾山慎、ジスク マシュー、吉本一、清水政明
    • Total Pages
      192
    • Publisher
      朝倉書店
    • ISBN
      4254516177
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] Academia.edu

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Academia.edu

    • URL

      https://yamagata-u.academia.edu/MatthewZisk

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report 2016 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2020-03-30  

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