次世代望遠鏡群による宇宙背景放射観測の展開～宇宙の暗黒成分とインフレーション～

• Project/Area Number: 16K21744
• Research Category: Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Home-Returning Researcher Development Research)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Particle/Nuclear/Cosmic ray/Astro physics
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: 日下 暁人 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科, 准教授 (20785703)
• Project Period (FY): 2017 – 2019
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥56,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥43,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥12,990,000)
• Keywords: 宇宙物理 / 電波天文学 / 宇宙マイクロ波背景放射

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究は、2つの宇宙背景放射(CMB)望遠鏡群プロジェクト、Simons Arrayと将来計画Simons Observatoryを遂行し、最終的に現行実験を大きく上回る制度でCMBの測定を行うこと、特にそのための装置開発およびデータ解析手法を進展させることを目的とする。これらの実験においては、検出器数を増やすことにより統計誤差を大幅に削減するが、それに追従する形で系統誤差や相関のあるノイズを削減するために、本研究では半波長板を用いた偏光変調に焦点を当てて、装置開発およびデータ解析の両面から研究を進めた。装置開発においては、高温超伝導ベアリングを用いたSimons Arrayのための連続回転式低温半波長板が完成し、試験および評価を進めている。また、CMB観測用超伝導検出器を動作・テストさせ、半波長板の磁場による影響を評価するための冷凍機システムの構築を進めた。さらに、Simons Observatoryのための半波長板システムの設計と、特にそれに必要な大口径の超伝導ベアリングの開発が進んでいる。一方、データ解析においては、Simons Arrayのための、次世代ハイパフォーマンスコンピューティングシステムに最適化した解析パイプラインの開発を進めている。また、データ解析分野において、連続回転式半波長板の技術実証実験とも呼べるAtacama B-mode Search (ABS)実験の解析結果をリリースした。Simons Observatory実験を構成する望遠鏡群のうち、インフレーションの測定に特化した小口径望遠鏡群は、特に半波長板システムの光学的な設計においてABS実験を踏襲しており、ABS実験による実証は半波長板を用いた高精度CMB測定を大きく後押しした。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] ローレンスバークレー研究所/カリフォルニア大学バークレー校/プリンストン大学(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory/U. C. Berkeley/Princeton University(米国)
• [Journal Article] The POLARBEAR-2 and Simons Array Focal Plane Fabrication Status (2018)
  • Author(s): Westbrook B., Y. Chinone、Hasegawa M.、Hazumi M.、Katayama N、Tajima O、Tomaru T.、et al.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Low Temperature Physics Volume: 193 Issue: 5-6 Pages: 758-770
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10909-018-2059-0
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Systematic uncertainties in the Simons Observatory: optical effects and sensitivity considerations (2018)
  • Author(s): Gallardo Patricio A.、Matsuda Frederick T. et. al.
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE Volume: 10708 Pages: 16-16
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2312971
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Simons Observatory: instrument overview (2018)
  • Author(s): Galitzki Nicholas、Matsuda Frederick, et. al.
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE Volume: 10708 Pages: 14-14
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2312985
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Studies of Systematic Uncertainties for Simons Observatory: Polarization Modulator Related Effects (2018)
  • Author(s): Maria Salatino, 他26名
  • Journal Title: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation Proceedings: Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IX Volume: 10708 Pages: 769-790
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2312993
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Designs for next generation CMB survey strategies from Chile (2018)
  • Author(s): Jason R. Stevens, Yuji Chinone（8番目）, 他24名
  • Journal Title: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation Proceedings: Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IX Volume: 10708 Pages: 698-712
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2313898
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Cross-polarization systematics due to Mizuguchi-Dragone condition breaking by a continuously rotating half-wave plate at prime focus in the Huan Tran telescope (2018)
  • Author(s): Takakura Satoru、Matsuda Frederick T.、Arnold Kam、Boettger David、Chinone Yuji、Hazumi Masashi、Keating Brian、Kusaka Akito、Lee Adrian T.
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE Volume: 10708 Pages: 18-18
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2313177
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Studies of Systematic Unvertainties for Simons Observatory: Detector Array Effects (2018)
  • Author(s): Kevin T. Crowley, Yuji Chinone (8番目), 他38名
  • Journal Title: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation Proceedings: Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IX Volume: 10708 Pages: 658-684
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2313414
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Development of calibration strategies for the Simons Observatory (2018)
  • Author(s): Bryan Sean A.、Matsuda Frederick、et. al.
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE Volume: 10708 Pages: 13-13
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2313832
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Design and development of a polarization modulator unit based on a continuous rotating half-wave plate for LiteBIRD (2018)
  • Author(s): Sakurai Yuki、Matsumura Tomotake、et al.
  • Journal Title: Proc.SPIE Int.Soc.Opt.Eng. Volume: 10708 Pages: 12-12
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2312391
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] BoloCalc: a sensitivity calculator for the design of Simons Observatory (2018)
  • Author(s): Hill Charles A.、Matsuda Frederick et. al.
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE Volume: 10708 Pages: 21-21
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2313916
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Large-Diameter Cryogenic Rotation Stage for Half-Wave Plate Polarization Modulation on the POLARBEAR-2 Experiment (2018)
  • Author(s): Hill C. A.、Kusaka A.、Barton P.、Bixler B.、Droster A. G.、Flament M.、Ganjam S.、Jadbabaie A.、Jeong O.、Lee A. T.、Madurowicz A.、Matsuda F. T.、Matsumura T.、Rutkowski A.、Sakurai Y.、Sponseller D. R.、Suzuki A.、Tat R.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Low Temperature Physics Volume: 193 Issue: 5-6 Pages: 851-859
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10909-018-1980-6
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Optimization study for the experimental configuration of CMB-S4 (2018)
  • Author(s): Darcy Barron, Yuji Chinone, Akito Kusaka, Julian Borril, Josquin Errard, Stephen Feeney, Simone Ferraro, Reijo Keskitalo, Adrian T. Lee, Natalie A. Roe, Blake D. Sherwin, Aritoki Suzuki
  • Journal Title: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Volume: 2018/02 Issue: 02 Pages: 009-009
  • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2018/02/009
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Results from the Atacama B-mode Search (ABS) Experiment (2018)
  • Author(s): Akito Kusaka, John Appel, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, James A. Beall, Luis E. Campusano, Hsiao-Mei Cho, Steve K. Choi, Kevin Crowley, Joseph W. Fowler, Patricio Gallardo, Matthew Hasselfield, Gene Hilton, Shuay-Pwu P. Ho, Kent Irwin, Norman Jarosik, Michael D. Niemack, Glen W. Nixon, Michael Nolta, Lyman A. Page Jr, Gonzalo A. Palma, Lucas Parker, Srinivasan Raghunathan, Carl D. Reintsema, Jonathan Sievers, Sara M. Simon, Suzanne T. Staggs, Katerina Visnjic, Ki-Won Yoon
  • Journal Title: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Volume: 2018/09 Issue: 09 Pages: 005-005
  • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2018/09/005
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background B-mode Polarization Power Spectrum at Subdegree Scales from Two Years of polarbear Data (2017)
  • Author(s): The POLARBEAR Collaboration、Ade P. A. R.、他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 848 Issue: 2 Pages: 121-121
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8e9f
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Performance of a continuously rotating half-wave plate on the POLARBEAR telescope (2017)
  • Author(s): Takakura Satoru、他
  • Journal Title: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Volume: 2017 Issue: 05 Pages: 008-008
  • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2017/05/008
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 宇宙を使った素粒子物理学 ～宇宙背景放射観測の最前線～ (2018)
  • Author(s): 日下 暁人
  • Organizer: 第24回素粒子物理国際研究センターシンポジウム
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 宇宙を使った素粒子物理学～宇宙背景放射観測の最前線～ (2018)
  • Author(s): 日下 暁人
  • Organizer: 第24回素粒子物理国際研究センターシンポジウム
• [Presentation] 宇宙背景放射 これから10年で分かること (2017)
  • Author(s): 日下 暁人
  • Organizer: 第6回観測的宇宙論ワークショップ
  • Invited