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性分化異常症における性の決定・分化の分子細胞遺伝機構の解明

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17052014
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

星 信彦  神戸大学, 農学部, 教授 (10209223)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 櫻木 範明  北海道大学, 大学院医学研究科, 教授 (70153963)
Project Period (FY) 2005 – 2006
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
Budget Amount *help
¥7,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
Keywords性分化異常症 / DNAメチル化 / 染色体モザイク / ヒストンアセチル化 / SRY / X染色体モノソミー / ChIP assay / メチル化異常 / 性分化 / 性分化異常 / DAZLA / StAR
Research Abstract

遺伝子,環境因子に次いで生物の多様性を位置づける要因としてエピジェネティクスが近年注目されている.ゲノムDNA様々な遣伝子座が,細胞の種類により特異的にメチル化されていることに関連し,これまで我々が明らかにしてきたヒト性分化異常症における精巣化遺伝子SRYならびにX染色体のモザイク発症機構と性分化異常との関係(性染色体遺伝子量補償機構の破綻)の解明を目的とした.北海道大学医学部産婦人科および小児科でfollow-upししている臨床および細胞遣伝学的に性分化異常症が疑われた20症例を対象に,本研究に対するインフォームドコンセントを得た上で,詳細な細胞遺伝学的解析を行い,さらに性分化関連遺伝子および座位の有無の検討を行った.遺伝子の欠失を認めない症例についてはゲノムDNAをPCR法により増幅し,エクソン,イントロン各部位の塩基配列を直接決定し,点突然変異などの異常の有無の有無を解析した.また,臨床的多型性を適伝子レベルでの異常と対応させ検討した.家系解析として,PCR-RFLP, PCR-SSCPおよびPCR-CFLP法を取り入れることにより,迅速かつ大量に遺伝子試料の多型点突然変異の解析を行った.また,Y染色体の構造異常の認められた症例では,患者より性腺および皮膚を採取,培養後,bisulfite sequencing法によるSRY, AR, SLARおよびCox-2のDNAメチル化解析ならびにクロマチン構造とヒストンアセチル化についてSRY座位を含むY染色体短腕末端から長腕末端までのChromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Assayを行った.
その結果,性分化異常症患者の「性の決定・分化機構」の破綻には,SRY遺伝子のCpG islandにおけるDNAメチル化抑制,およびSRYプロモーター&HMG BOXのヒストンアセチル化によりSRY mRNAの異常発現が関与していることを見いだした.これらの性分化異常症患者ではSRYの細識限定発現部位・時期に異常がみられ,また,高率に45.X核型とのモザイクが関連することから,当初,「モザイクなどの細胞数の単純な減少に伴うSRYの遣伝子量の減少」が関与していると想定していたが,実は,発生初期より『SRY遺伝子の高濃度持続発現』が起こり,その結果,未分化性腺から精巣への発生・分化スイッチに障害が起こり,基本型である雌型に分化(卵巣化)したと考えられた.このことは,性分化異常症患者の染色体異常は,性分化異常の原因ではなく,患者は元々エピジェネティクス(クロマチン)異常等の素因があり,その結果,染色体異常が引き起こされたとも想定され,性分化異常症発症機構に関し,新たな研究の展開が期待される.

Report

(2 results)
  • 2006 Annual Research Report
  • 2005 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All 2007 2006 2005

All Journal Article (14 results) Book (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Activin A and eCG recover reproductive dysfunction induced by neonatal exposure to estrogenic endocrine disruptor in adult male mice.2007

    • Author(s)
      Warita K
    • Journal Title

      Biology of Reproduction 107(in press)

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Cholesterol sulfate inhibits production of steroid hormones by reducing StAR protein.2007

    • Author(s)
      Sugawara T
    • Journal Title

      Endocrinology 148(in press)

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Does paternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetraehlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) affect the sex ratio of offspring?2007

    • Author(s)
      Ishihara K
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 69

      Pages: 347-352

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Ligand-dependent transcription of estrogen receptor alpha is mediated by the ubiquitin ligase EFP.2007

    • Author(s)
      Nakajima A
    • Journal Title

      Biochemical and Biophysieal Research Communications 116(Epub ahead of print)

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Morphological analyses of sex differences and age-related changes in C3H mouse midbrain2007

    • Author(s)
      Tanida T
    • Journal Title

      Brain Research (in press)

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Progression of the dose-related effects of estrogenic endocrine distuptors, an important factor in declining fertility, differs between the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and reproductive organs of male mice.2006

    • Author(s)
      Warita K
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 68

      Pages: 1257-1267

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] CREM confers cAMP responsiveness in human steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in NCI-H295R cells rather than SF-1/Ad4BP.2006

    • Author(s)
      Sugawara T
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Endoerinology 191

      Pages: 327-337

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Response to the letter of Barton.2006

    • Author(s)
      Sakuragi T
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 16

      Pages: 459-460

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Both N-terminal and C-terminal regions of steroid sulphatase are important for enzyme activity.2006

    • Author(s)
      Sugawara T
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Endocrinology 188

      Pages: 365-374

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Age-related change and its sex differences in histoarchitecture of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus of F344/N rats.2005

    • Author(s)
      Tsukahara S
    • Journal Title

      Experimental Gerontology 475

      Pages: 177-187

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] WT1 and WT1-AS genes are inactivated by promoter methylation in ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma.2005

    • Author(s)
      Kaneuchi M
    • Journal Title

      Cancer 104

      Pages: 1924-1930

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Functional analysis of p53 gene and the prognostic impact of dominant-negative p53 mutation in endometrial cancer.2005

    • Author(s)
      Sakuragi N
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Cancer 116

      Pages: 514-519

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A systematic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy technique in invasive cervical cancer for preserving postsurgical bladder function.2005

    • Author(s)
      Sakuragi N
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 15

      Pages: 389-397

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] GGC and StuI polymorphism on the androgen receptor gene in endometrial cancer patients.2005

    • Author(s)
      Sasaki M
    • Journal Title

      Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 329

      Pages: 100-104

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Perspectives in Human Genetics2007

    • Author(s)
      Hoshi N
    • Publisher
      (in press)
    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Perspectives in Human Genetics(Molecular cytogenetic aspects of sex differentiation anomalies in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. )2006

    • Author(s)
      Hoshi N
    • Publisher
      (in press)
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2005-04-01   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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