| Project/Area Number |
17203020
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Economic policy
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| Research Institution | Hitotsubashi University |
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Principal Investigator |
KITAMURA Yukinobu Hitotsubashi University, Institute of Economic Research, Professor (70313442)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SAITO Osamu Hitotsubashi University, Institute of Economic Research, Professor (40051867)
WATANABE Tsutomu Hitotsubashi University, Institute of Economic Research, Professor (90313444)
IWAISAKO Tokuo Hitotsubashi University, Institute of Economic Research, Associate Professor (90292523)
OSHIO Takashi Kobe University, Graduate School of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Professor (50268132)
HIGUCHI Yoshio Keio University, Faculty of Business and Commerce, Professor (20119001)
高山 憲之 一橋大学, 経済研究所, 教授 (30102940)
安田 聖 一橋大学, 経済研究所, 教授 (70115955)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥46,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥36,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥13,650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,150,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥13,650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,150,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥19,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,500,000)
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| Keywords | marriage / cohort effect / fertility rate / labor market for men / seniority wage / employment for the elderly / long-term care insurance / hospitalization for non-medical / 年金 / 再分配効果 / ニート / 医療保険 / 世代会計 / マクロ経済スライド / 有限均衡方式 / 年功処遇 / 世代間格差 / 短時間勤務 / 若年層の就業環境 / 女性の就業率 / 合計特殊出生率 / 所得格差の拡大 / 所得再分配 / 世代間の再分配 / 世代内の再分配 |
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| Research Abstract |
1. Marriage involves economic decisions that encompass different generations. This is because such factors as cohabitation with parents, parents' incomes, and the amount of income transfer from parents considerably affect the marriage probability.
2. The existence of a cohort effect in the labor market was confirmed, namely, a strong tendency for the cohort with a high unemployment rate immediately before graduation to be continuously unemployed or atypically employed in the future. In addition, it was clarified that this cohort effect was especially apparent among those who only graduated from junior high school or high school.
3. Up until recently, the main factors contributing to the decrease in the birthrate of Japan were on the female side, such as less preference for a child, and higher academic qualifications and careers in the labor market. However, the labor market demand for young men is expected to increase for the coming several years as postwar baby boomers retire en masse,
… More
and as a result, a positive effect on the birthrate is also expected.
4. The steeper a seniority wage curve is in a company, the more likely its employees retire in the first half of their 50s, and in order for the companies to effectively use aged labor, treatments based on seniority must be reviewed. Moreover, the retirement rate is low in companies that aim to evaluate the performance of the aged workers fairly and have a training system for elderly employees. Further, the retirement rate for over 55 year olds is lower in companies that have a high rate of employees with shorter working hours.
5. The purpose of the long term care insurance introduced in Japan in fiscal 2000 was to correct hospitalization for nonmedical reasons, and to make medical expense efficient. Whether the purpose was actually achieved was examined using the national health insurance receipt data which found that in designated hospitals, the discharge rate of the elderly dramatically increased for a while after the introduction of the long term care insurance, but already in 2002, 2 years after the introduction, the rate went down. Thus it can be said that effects of the introduction of the long term care insurance on long-term in-patient including hospitalization for nonmedical reasons remained temporary. Less
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