| Project/Area Number |
17204039
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Meteorology/Physical oceanography/Hydrology
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
ASANO Shoji Tohoku University, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Professor (00089781)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
IWASAKI Toshiki TOHOKU UNIVERSITY, Graduate School of Science, Professor (80302074)
OKAMOTO Hajime TOHOKU UNIVERSITY, Graduate School of Science, Associate Professor (10333783)
KODAMA Yasumasa Hirosaki University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Associate Professor (30205421)
UCHIYAMA Akihiro Japan Meteorological Agency, Meteorological Research Institute, Head of Research Laboratory (50354460)
YAMAZAKI Akihiro Japan Meteorological Agency, Meteorological Research Institute, Senior Researcher (40278106)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥49,270,000 (Direct Cost: ¥37,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥11,370,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥17,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,960,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥16,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥15,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,510,000)
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| Keywords | YAMASE clouds / Numerical modeling of clouds / Maritime Atmospheric Boundary Layer / Shipboard cloud observation / Aircraft measurement / Satellite remote sensing / Cloud formation processes / Cloud parameterization |
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| Research Abstract |
'Yamase' clouds are one of typical marine boundary-layer clouds, for which the present state-of-the-art performance of weather prediction models and general circulation models is not good enough to properly simulate. Yamase clouds frequently appear over the northwest Pacific region, east off the coast of the Sanriku district, in summer season under easterly cool winds blown out from Okhotsk anti-cyclones. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the formation and evolution processes and the microphysical and radiative properties of Yamase clouds through synthetic observations from such platforms as ship, aircraft, and satellites. The study also aims to improve the performance of numerical models for marine boundary-layer clouds by developing better cloud-parameterization.
From the shipboard experiment, we could, for the first time, observe time-variation of the maritime boundary layer in a Yamase event from its beginning to ending. The observational data were used to validate the
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numerical simulations of the Yamase event. From the aircraft observation, we could obtain good in-situ data of microphysical properties of several low-level clouds, for which NOAA satellites observed simultaneously. We compared the cloud microphysical properties retrieved from the NOAA/AVHRR data with those from the aircraft observation. From the comparison, it is shown that the satellite remote sensing of cloud parameters from NOAA/AVHRR data could yield reasonable results. By means of the satellite remote sensing, we studied cloud macro-and micro-physical properties over a wide area of North western-Pacific region. By using these observational data, we analyzed the heat exchange between the sea surface and the atmosphere for Yamase cases and non-Yamase cases. The analysis revealed that the heat exchange along the sea surface and the atmosphere for Yamase cases and non-Yamase cases. The analysis revealed that the heat exchange along the air-mass trajectory plays an important role in formation and evolution of Yamase clouds. We have improved performance of the non-hydrostatic model used to simulate Yamase events by modifying the cloud-radiation and turbulence schemes as well as cloud-parameterizations. We have also developed a few efficient schemes of the 3-dimensional radiative transfer equation for inhomogeneous clouds. The results of the present study may cast a new light on the studies of marine boundary-layer clouds including Yamase clouds. Less
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