Biosafety and Risk Communication on Transgenic Plants: Application on Abiotic Stress Tolerances

• Project/Area Number: 17208001
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Breeding science
• Research Institution: University of Tsukuba
• Principal Investigator: WATANABE Kazuo University of Tsukuba, 大学院・生命環境科学研究科, 教授 (90291806)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): KIKUCHI Akira 筑波大学, 大学院・生命環境科学研究科, 講師 (00400648) ; KAMADA Hiroshi 筑波大学, 大学院・生命環境科学研究科, 教授 (00169608) ; FUJIMURA Tatsuhiro 筑波大学, 大学院・生命環境科学研究科, 教授 (70292513) ; OHSAWA Ryo 筑波大学, 大学院・生命環境科学研究科, 准教授 (80211788)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): ONO Michiyuki 筑波大学, 大学院・生命環境科学研究科, 准教授 (50201405)
• Research Collaborator: ASAHINA Masashi ; MIMURA Makiko
• Project Period (FY): 2005 – 2008
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2008)
• Budget Amount: ¥46,020,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,620,000); Fiscal Year 2008: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,800,000); Fiscal Year 2007: ¥11,050,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,550,000); Fiscal Year 2006: ¥13,780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,180,000); Fiscal Year 2005: ¥13,390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,090,000)
• Keywords: 育種学 / 遺伝子組換え / リスク評価 / 耐塩性 / 耐乾性 / 環境 / 植物 / バイオテクノロジー / 遺伝子 / 環境耐性 / バイオセーフティー / 遺伝子組換え体 / リスク管理 / リスクコミュニケーション / 第一種使用 / 生物多様性影響評価 / 生物多様性 / バイオセーフテイー

Research Abstract

環境耐性(耐塩性)に特化した生物多様性影響評価基準及び手法の検討及び実験試行し、更なる手法の開拓を行い, 遺伝子組換えユーカリの第一種使用について2申請事例計6イベントを文部科学省へ申請を行った。文部科学省傘下での初めての申請事例となり、環境耐性遺伝子組換え植物の環境リスク管理体系へ繋がる独自的な分野開拓の基盤を構築した。この経験でジャガイモ等での第一種使用でのリスク管理と耐性の研究の基礎ができた。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Genetic engineering of glycine betaine biosynthesis to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in plants (2009)
  • Author(s): Khan M.S., X. Yu, A. Kikuchi, M. Asahina, Kazuo N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotech 26 Pages: 125-134
  • NAID: 10025181536
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Allelopathy assessments for the environmental biosafety of the salt-tolerant transgenic Eucalyptus camaldulensis, genotypes codA 12-5B, codA 12-5C and codA 20C (2009)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi, A.(1番目), K. N. Watanabe(6番目), 計6名
  • Journal Title: J. Wood Sci. 55(2) Pages: 149-153
  • NAID: 10025627932
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Establishment of a homogenized method for environmental biosafety assessments of transgenic plants (2009)
  • Author(s): Shimazaki, T., A Kikuchi, R. Matsunaga, K. Kato, T. Shimada and K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnol 26 Pages: 142-148
  • NAID: 10025181642
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Establishment of evaluation system of salt tolerance on transgenic plants in the special netted-house (2009)
  • Author(s): Yu X., A. Kikuchi(2番目), K.N. Watanabe(10番目), 計10名
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnol 26 Pages: 135-142
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Genetic engineering of glycine betaine biosynthesis to enhance a biotic stress tolerance in plants (2009)
  • Author(s): Khan M.S., X. Yu, A. Kikuchi, M. Asahina, K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 26 Pages: 125-134
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Modality identification and application of the elements required for science communication activities : The Bio-e-cafe as a case study (2008)
  • Author(s): Chen, C-H., Y. Sassa and Kazuo N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Koueki Gakkai 8(1) Pages: 7-17
  • NAID: 40016239697
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Technology strategies of innovative Chinese domestic companies (2008)
  • Author(s): Fan, P., Xudong Gap and K. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Int. J. Technol Global 3 Pages: 344-363
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Technology strategies of innovative Chinese domestic companies (2008)
  • Author(s): Fan, P. and K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Int. J. Technology and Globalisation 4(2) Pages: 148-169
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified chrysanthemums containing a modified cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (2008)
  • Author(s): Kamada, H.(計5名5番目)
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotech 25 Pages: 17-29
  • NAID: 10021912485
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Recent progress on environmental biosafety assessment of genetically modified trees and floricultural plants in Japan (2008)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi, A., K. Watanabe, Y. Tanaka and H. Kamaa
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotech 25 Pages: 9-15
  • NAID: 10021912447
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Impact of environmental stress-tolerant transgenic potato on genotypic diversity of microbial communities and soil enzyme activities under stress conditions (2008)
  • Author(s): Mimura, M., K. E. Lelemen, T. Shimazaki,A. KIKUCHI, K. N. Watanabe, et al
  • Journal Title: MICROBES ENVIROMENT 23(3) Pages: 221-228
  • NAID: 110006873793
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Social responsibility for the use of genes, genomes and biotechnology in biotechnology companies : A commentary from the bioethical viewpoint (2008)
  • Author(s): Okada, Y, and K. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: J of Commercial Biotech 14 Pages: 149-167
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Rationalization of the genes as a corporate stakeholders based on international laws (2008)
  • Author(s): Okada, Y, and K. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: J of International Biotechnology Laws 5 Pages: 103-112
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 遺伝子リテラシー教育における高等学校等での教育目的遺伝子組換え実験の普及と教材キットの有効性について (2008)
  • Author(s): 小野道之
  • Journal Title: 科学教育研究 32 Pages: 219-226
  • NAID: 110007026984
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 生物多様性条約カルタヘナバイオセーフティー議定書第4回締約国会議の所見 (2008)
  • Author(s): 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: バイオサイエンスとインダストリー 66(7) Pages: 407-410
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Rationalization of the genes as a corporate stakeholders based on international laws. (2008)
  • Author(s): Okada, Y, K. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Journal of International Biotechnology Laws 5 Pages: 103-112
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Impact of environmental stress-tolerant transgenic potato on genotypic diversity of microbial communities and soil enzyme activities under stress conditions (2008)
  • Author(s): Mimura,M., K. E. LELMEN, T. SHIM AZAKI, A.KIKUCHI, K.Watanabe
  • Journal Title: MICROBES ENVIROMENT 23 Pages: 221-228
  • NAID: 110006873793
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Social responsibility for the use of genes, genomes and biotechnol ogy in biotechnology companies: A commentary from the bioethica 1 viewpoint (2008)
  • Author(s): Okada, Y, and K. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: J of Commercial Biotechnology 14(2) Pages: 146-167
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] DREB1A Enhances Freezing Tolerance in Transgenic Potato Plant Cell Reports (2007)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi A.(2番目), K. N. Watan(6番目), 計6名
  • Journal Title: Arabidopsisrd29A 26(8) Pages: 1275-1282
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] サイエンスコミュニケーションにおけるバイオカフェの展望~トラストの構築におけるバイオカフェの有効性とその評価 (2007)
  • Author(s): 佐々義子, 渡邉和男, 須田英子, 陳佳欣
  • Journal Title: 公益学会 7 Pages: 46-56
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Arabidopsis rd29A:: DREB1A Enhances Freezing Tolerance in Transgenic Potato (2007)
  • Author(s): Behnam B, A. Kikuchi, F. Celebi-Toprak, M. Kasuga, K. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Cell Reports 26(8) Pages: 1275-1282
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] サイエンスコミュニケーションにおけるバイオカフェの展望〜トラストの構築におけるバイオカフェの有効性とその評価 (2007)
  • Author(s): 佐々義子, 渡邉和男, 須田英子, 陳佳欣
  • Journal Title: 公益学会雑誌 7 Pages: 46-56
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Arabidopsis rd29A : : DREB1A Enhances Freezing Tolerance in Transgenic Potato (2007)
  • Author(s): Behnam, B., Akira Kikuchi, Fevziye Celebi-Toprak, Mie Kasuga, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, Kazuo N.
  • Journal Title: Plant Cell Reports accepted
• [Journal Article] Univ. California, Davis, USA (2007)
  • Author(s): Chapman, J, K.N.Watanabe
  • Journal Title: MIHR-PIPRA HANDBOOK OF BEST PRACTICES FOR MANAGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN HEALTH AND AGRICULTURE. 育種学辞典 (印刷中)
• [Journal Article] The Arabidopsis DREB1A gene driven by the stress-inducible rd 29A promoter increases salt restoleance in proportion to ts cop number in tetrasomic tetrploidpotato (Solanum tuberosum) (2006)
  • Author(s): Behenam, B., A. Kikuchi, F. Celebi-Toprak, S Yamaak, M. Kasuga,K. Shinozaki, & K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotech 23(2) Pages: 169-177
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Biosafety system frameworks forliving modified oranisms in Japan and Taiwan (2006)
  • Author(s): Chen, C-H., Y. Sassa, E. Suda and K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 23 Pages: 539-546
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Estimation of different genotypes of plants based on NA analysis using Near-infrared(NIR)and fourier-transorm Infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy (2006)
  • Author(s): Emura, K., S. Yamanake, H. Isoda & Kazuo Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Breed Science 56 Pages: 99-403
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Abscisic acid and stress treatment are essential for the acquisition of embryogenic competence by carrot somatic cells (2006)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi A, Sanuki N, Higashi K, Koshiba T, Kamada H
  • Journal Title: Planta 223 Pages: 637-645
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 耐塩性ユーカリ(Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. CodA 12-5B, 12-5C, 20-C)の形質安定性と環境影響評価試験 (2006)
  • Author(s): 菊池彰、河岡明義、島崎孝嘉、于翔、海老沼宏安、渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: 育種学研究 8 Pages: 17-26
  • NAID: 110004353345
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Reducing gene flow from pollen dispersal of genetically modified plants in special screened greenhouse (2006)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, S., T. Sano, H. Kamada, & H. Ezura
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotech 23 Pages: 129-135
  • NAID: 10021908136
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Gene literacy education in Japan-Fostering public understanding through practice of hands-on laboratory activities in high schools (2006)
  • Author(s): Oto, M., M. Ono, H. Kamada
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 23 Pages: 339-346
  • NAID: 10021908971
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 遺伝子組換え作物の受容のプロセス (2006)
  • Author(s): 佐々義子・渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: 育種学研究 8 Pages: 99-105
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 生物多様性条約カルタヘナバイオセーフティー議定書第3回締約国会議の所見 (2006)
  • Author(s): 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: バイオサイエンスとインダストリー 64(5) Pages: 293-295
  • NAID: 10017483909
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Efficacy of a special screened greenhouse covered by duplex fine mesh in reducing maize outcrossing (2006)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, S., T. Sano, H. Kamada, & H. Ezura
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotech 23 Pages: 387-394
  • NAID: 10021909124
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Biosafety system frameworks for living modified organisms in Japan and Taiwan. (2006)
  • Author(s): Chen, Chira-Hsin, Yoshiko Sassa, Eiko Suda, Kazuo N.Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 23 Pages: 539-546
• [Journal Article] 遺伝子組換え作物の受容のプロセス (2006)
  • Author(s): 佐々義子, 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: 育種学研究 8 Pages: 99-105
• [Journal Article] The Arabidopsis DREB1A gene driven by the stress-induchible rd 29A promoter increases salt stress tolerance in proportion to its copy number in tetrasomic tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum) (2006)
  • Author(s): Behenam, B., A.Kikuchi, F.Celebi-Toprak, S.Yamanak, M.Kasuga, K.Yamagichi-Shinozaki, K.N.Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 23(2) Pages: 169-177
• [Journal Article] Estimation for different genotypes of plant DNAs using near-infrared (NIR) and fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy (2006)
  • Author(s): Emura K., Shinsuke Yamanaka, Hiroko Isoda, Kazuo N.Watanabe^2)
  • Journal Title: Breeding Science 56 Pages: 399-403
• [Journal Article] 耐塩性ユーカリ(Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. coda 12-5B, 12-5C, 20-C)の形質安定性と環境影響評価試験 (2006)
  • Author(s): 菊池彰, 河岡明義, 島崎孝嘉, 于翔, 海老沼宏安, 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: 育種学研究 8 Pages: 17-26
  • NAID: 110004353345
• [Journal Article] Single copy DREB1A gene and rd29A promotor of Arabidopsis thaliana induces high level of tolerance to salt stress in the transgenic tetrasomic tetraploid potato, Solanum tubersoum cv (2005)
  • Author(s): K. N. Watanabe(計8名8番目)
  • Journal Title: Desiree. Breed Sci. 55(3) Pages: 311-320
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Contribution of inorganic components to osmotic adjustment and leaf folding for drought tolerance in pearl millet (2005)
  • Author(s): Fujimura, T.(計4名4番目)
  • Journal Title: Physiologia Plantarum 125 Pages: 474-489
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 核酸多型解析を用いた遺伝子組換え植物の土壌微生物相影響評価法 (2005)
  • Author(s): 池田成志, 伊藤希, 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: 育種学研究 7 Pages: 25-33
  • NAID: 110001818676
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Applications of Biotechnology for Improvement oMilt Crops : Revie of Progress and Future Prospects (2005)
  • Author(s): K. N. Watanabe(計5名5番目)
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 22(2) Pages: 81-88
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Regional focus on GM crop regulation (2005)
  • Author(s): Okusu, H. & K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Science 308 Pages: 1409-1409
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evaluation of gene flow and its environmental effects in the field (2005)
  • Author(s): Umehara, M., I. Eguchi, D. Kaneko, M. Ono, H. Kamada
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 22 Pages: 497-504
  • NAID: 10028055206
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The fate of politically modified crops in Afirca (2005)
  • Author(s): Sinebo W. and K. N. Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 22(3) Pages: 185-193
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 遺伝子組換え作物の拡散制御技術と利用管理 (2005)
  • Author(s): 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: 遺伝 59(3) Pages: 72-78
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 遺伝子組換え作物についての世界的概況と日本の状況 (2005)
  • Author(s): 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: 近畿作物育種学談話会報 50 Pages: 15-19
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 生物多様性条約カルタヘナバイオセーフティー議定書と今後の運用について (2005)
  • Author(s): 渡邉和男
  • Journal Title: FFI ジャーナル 210(7) Pages: 609-614
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Global political, economic social and technical issues on transgenic crops (2005)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, K. N., Y. Sassa, E. Suda, C. H. Chen, M. Inaba and A. Kikuchi
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 22 Pages: 515-522
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Regional focus on GM crop regulation (2005)
  • Author(s): Okusu, H., K.N.Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Science 308 Pages: 1409-1409
• [Journal Article] Single copy DREB1A gene and rd29A promotor of Arabidopsis thaliana induces high level of tolerance to salt stress in the transgenic tetrasomic tetraploid potato, Solanum tubersoum cv. Desiree. (2005)
  • Author(s): Fevziye Celebi-Toprak, Babak Behnam, Hiroshi Naka, Mie Kasuga, Kazuko, Yamagichi-Shinozaki, Junko A.Watanabe, S.Yamanaka, Kazuo N.Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Breeding Science 55(3) Pages: 311-320
• [Journal Article] The fate of politically modified crops in Afirca. (2005)
  • Author(s): Sinebo W., K.N.Watanabe
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 22(3) Pages: 81-88
• [Journal Article] Global Political, Economic Social And Technological Issues On Transgenic Crops (2005)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, K.N., Y.Sassa, E.Suda, C.H.Chen, M.Inaba, A.Kikuchi
  • Journal Title: Plant Biotechnology 22(5) Pages: 515-522
• [Presentation] 耐塩性遺伝子組換えユーカリの土壌微生物相に及ぼす影響 (2009)
  • Author(s): K. E., レッルメン、于翔、菊池彰、渡邉和男
  • Organizer: 日本育種学会第115回講演会
  • Place of Presentation: つくば市
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-28
• [Presentation] 2009. GM植物の研究目的第一種使用の現状と課題 (2009)
  • Author(s): 菊池彰、渡邉和男
  • Organizer: 日本育種学会第115回講演会
  • Place of Presentation: つくば市
  • Year and Date: 2009-03-28
• [Presentation] Tuber traits of salt-stress tolerant transgenic potato lines a nd their environmental biosafety assessment in the special-netted house (2008)
  • Author(s): Shimazaki,T., A. Kikuchi, X. Yu, M. Kasuga, K. Yamaguchi Shinozaki, K. N. Watanabe
  • Organizer: 国際バイオセーフティー学会第10回大会
  • Place of Presentation: ウェリントン
  • Year and Date: 2008-11-18
• [Presentation] 耐塩性組換えユーカリ・グロビュラスの開発と野外試験 (2008)
  • Author(s): 菊池彰、渡邉和男(7番目8番目計9名)
  • Organizer: 日本植物細胞分子生物学会第26回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 吹田市(大阪大学)
  • Year and Date: 2008-09-01
• [Presentation] 2009. マイクロアレイ法を用いた遺伝子組換えバレイショにおけるAtDREB1A遺伝子の下流因子の探索 (2008)
  • Author(s): 島崎高嘉、朝比奈雅志、菊池彰、圓山恭之進、篠崎和子、渡邉和男
  • Organizer: 日本植物生理学会第50回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋市
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-22
• [Presentation] 特定網室における耐塩性遺伝子組換えジャガイモの生産性評価試験 (2008)
  • Author(s): 菊池彰、渡邉和男(2番目5番目計5名)
  • Organizer: 日本植物生理学会第49回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌市
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-21
• [Presentation] Pollen dispersal distances of eucalyptus pure stands and of remnants at pastures (2008)
  • Author(s): M Mimura, R Barbour, R Vaillancourt, B Potts, and KN Watanabe
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会第55回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 福岡
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-16
• [Book] 英語で学ぶ環境科学 (2008)
  • Author(s): 渡邉和男・渡邉純子
  • Total Pages: 166
  • Publisher: コロナ社. ISBN
• [Book] Chap 17.6 Current issues on IP management for health and agriculture in Japan(In. Krattger, A. ed.)(MIHR-PIPRA HANDBOOK OF BEST PRACTICES FOR MANAGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN HEALTH AND AGRICULTURE) (2007)
  • Author(s): Chapman, J. & K. N. Watanabe
  • Publisher: Univ. California, Davis, USA
• [Book] Chapter 6 : Molecular Markers in Identification of Genotypic Variation(Eds. M. K. Razdan & A. K. Mattoo)(In : Genetic Improvement of Solanaceous Crops, Vol. 2 : "Potato") (2005)
  • Author(s): Celebi-Toprak, F., J. A. Watanabe and K. N. Watanabe
  • Publisher: Science Publishers Inc., USA
• [Book] 育種学辞典(分担) (2005)
  • Author(s): 渡邊和男
  • Total Pages: 785
  • Publisher: 培風館
• [Remarks] 平成21年度科学技術分野文部科学大臣表彰受賞(2009.04.14)科学技術賞理解増進部門渡邉和男教授・菊池彰講師業績名 : 遺伝子組換え植物のリスク管理と研究開発の理解の普及啓発
  • URL: http://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/topics/20090417180650.html
• [Remarks] 総合科学技術会議において, 遺伝子組換えユーカリの研究成果を福田首相らに紹介2007. 10月29日に, 首相官邸で行われた第70回内閣府総合科学技術会議において, 本学の渡邉和男教授(生命環境科学研究科, 生命産業科学専攻, 遺伝子実験センター)及び菊池彰講師(同)が行っている「耐塩性遺伝子組換えユーカリの研究」が, 議長の福田総理以下, 町村内閣官房長官, 岸田科学技術政策担当大臣, 渡海文部科学大臣, 甘利経済産業大臣, 額賀財務大臣, 若林農林水産大臣など関係閣僚や有識者議員に, 披露された。
  • URL: http://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/topics/20071105184824.html
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.gene.tsukuba.ac.jp/activity/watanabe_lab.htm
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.gene.tsukuba.ac.jp/Plant/GeneticDiversity/