| Project/Area Number |
17310045
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Environmental technology/Environmental materials
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
KATAYAMA Arata Nagoya University, EcoTOpia Science Institute, Professor (60185808)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MIYAKE Katsuhide Nagoya University, Graduate Schaol of Engineering, Asscoiate Professor (90252254)
INOUE Yasushi Nagoya University, EcoTbpia Science Insiitute, Assistant Professor (10293648)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥16,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥9,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,100,000)
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| Keywords | soil microenvironment / physiological hactors / chemical factors / microbial biomass / taxonomic diversity / functional diversity / microbial controll / aerobic / anaerobic |
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| Research Abstract |
Soil is a heterogenous environment composed of solid, liquid and atmospheric phases. Microorganisms introduced into soil in the procedure of bioaugumentation for degrading hazardous chemicals are considered to grow only at the microsites with favorable environments. Until now, it has been believed that the growth of soil microorganisms are affected by soil structure of microsites. However, the factors and mechanisms determining the microbial growth at the microsites are not well understood. Especially, the effects of space and physical microenvironment has not been focused. In this project, we evaluate the effect of soil microenvironment, especially physical environment, on microbial growth and the community structure.
Microbial biomass and community structure were measured by respiratory quinone profile analysis, direct microscopic method, PCR-DGGE analysis of 16S RNA genes. Microbial activity was measured by dehydrogenase in the case of aerobes and by PCB dechlorination activity in the case of anaerobes.
We evaluated the effects of particle size, moisture content and consolidation of soils on the growth and community structure of aerobic microorganisms. Significant effects were observed in particle size and moisture content. Microbial community structure became stable after 1 month of incubation. As model particles, four glass beads with different average diameter (0.01mm to 2mm) were used to make a homogenous physical environment. In aerobic microorganisms, with the decrease of diameter of glass beads, the degree of growth decreased and the ratio of Actinobacteria to Proteobacteria increased. In anaerobic microorganisms, although PCB dechlorination activity was not affected significantly, the different glass beads size resulted in the different community structure.
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