| Project/Area Number |
17360241
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
交通工学・国土計画
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
INAMURA Hajime Tohoku University, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Professor (50168415)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MORISUGI Hisayoshi Tohoku University, Professor Emeritus (80026161)
AKAMATSU Takashi Graduate School of Information Sciences, 大学院・情報科学研究科, Professor (90262964)
ISHIGURO Kazuhiko Kobe University, Faculty of Maritime Sciences, Assistant Professor (60282034)
KAGAWA Shigemi Kyushu University, Faculty of Economics, Associate Professor (20353534)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥7,450,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
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| Keywords | International economy / Reform of industrial structure / Kyoto protocol / Trade policy / Input-output / 日中貿易 / 環境効率性 / 最適化問題 / 貿易障害 |
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| Research Abstract |
Standard eco-efficiency analysis has typically focused on changes in the production technologies and consumption in the being investigated. These studies have conventionally examined the reasons underlying changes in eco-efficiencies and more-efficient activity vectors of both desirable and undesirable outputs, such that the goods are maximized and the bads are minimized. In contrast, this paper focused on international eco-efficiencies and evaluated more-efficient activity distributions within the context of total domestic final demand at the international level being maximized under conditions of stringent environmental constraints (Kyoto regulation). This paper presents three major findings. First, competitive pressure and Japanese compliance with the Kyoto Protocol did not turn China into a pollution haven. Emissions decreased in both China and Japan as a result of free trade. Second, a $1 billion increase in net Japanese exports is accompanied by a decrease in Japanese eco-efficie
… More
ncy and an increase in Chinese eco-efficiency. Global eco-efficiency increases as net exports from Japan decrease. Third, Japanese eco-efficiency improves at the expense of decreased eco-efficiency in China, an increase of $1,000 per ton carbon in Japanese eco-efficiency results in a decrease of $223 per ton carbon in Chinese eco-efficiency under scenarios of free factor mobility and free commodity trade. The first finding corroborates that of Dietzenbacher and Mukhopadhyay (2007), who also found that China was not a pollution haven in 1995. In addition, an important consideration in this regard is that competitive pressure and Japanese compliance with the Protocol did not contribute to turning China into a pollution haven and that, from an environmental perspective, China and Japan both benefit from free trade. Conversely, the second and third findings imply that if we focus on national eco-efficiencies, China and Japan cannot establish a relationship in which the eco-efficiencies of both countries will improve. Less
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